]>
<section id="sn-working-with-crossfades">
- <title>Working with Crossfades</title>
- <para>
- Whenever you arrange any two audio regions so that they overlap in any way,
- you create the potential for a <link linkend="gt-crossfade">crossfade</link> between them:
- a smooth transition from one region to the other. Crossfades in Ardour are
- generated in realtime, and are not stored on disk. They are objects within a
- playlist just like regions, except that the only way to create a crossfade
- is by overlapping two regions, and the only way to remove a crossfade is to
- move one or both of the regions so that they no longer overlap. Note that
- crossfades are not always audible (they can be muted and unmuted at will),
- and can be edited in a variety of ways. We think of a crossfade as
- consisting of an overlap between two regions, plus two gain control curves
- that control the volume of the incoming and outgoing regions during the
- crossfade.
- </para>
-
- <section id="crossfade-types">
- <title>Types of crossfades</title>
- <para>
- Ardour comes with two basic kinds of crossfades, termed <emphasis>short
- crossfades</emphasis> and <emphasis>full crossfades</emphasis> . A full
- crossfade is a transition between two regions that spans the entire overlap
- between them. If the overlap is 2 seconds long, then the crossfade is 2
- seconds long. A short crossfade is a transition between two regions that
- lasts a fixed amount of time and serves simply to avoid audio glitches at
- the boundary of the two regions. The length of a short crossfade is a
- session-wide parameter than can be set via the <emphasis>option
- editor</emphasis> . The default is 15ms, and the length can vary from 1
- milliseconds to 0.5 seconds. In the current version of Ardour, it is not
- possible to change the length of a short becrossfade after it has been
- created, but it is possible to change most short crossfades to a full
- crossfade and vice versa. Full crossfades can have their length altered by
- changing the extent of the overlap between the two regions.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Note that even though the absolute length of the crossfade is fixed,
- crossfades can be <emphasis>edited</emphasis> with complete freedom,
- allowing you change the effective length of a crossfade by altering the
- shapes of the fade in and fade out curves.
- </para>
- </section>
-
- <section id="crossfade-overlaps">
- <title>Overlaps</title>
- <para>
- There are several different ways to overlap two regions, and they result in
- different kinds of crossfades being placed at the boundaries of the two
- regions:
- </para>
-
- <section id="external-overlaps">
- <title>External overlaps</title>
- <para>
- An "external" overlap occurs when a region starts within another region,
- but extends beyond the other's end.
- </para>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/overlaplaterhigher.png"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>
- Overlaps like this will cause an xfade to be placed at the start of the
- later region. Whether it is a full or short crossfade is controlled by the
- current crossfade type preference. If short crossfades have been chosen,
- the crossfade will last for the current short crossfade duration;
- otherwise the full crossfade will last for the entire overlap. The mute
- status of the crossfade will depend on the current state of the "New
- crossfades are muted" setting.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- In the example above, the later region is above the earlier one. It is
- also possible to create an overlap where the earlier region is in a higher
- layer:
- </para>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/overlapearlyhigher.png"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
- <para>
- For an overlap of this type, the current crossfade type preference affects
- the placement of the crossfade. If full crossfades have been chosen, the
- crossfade will be placed at the start of the later region and will last
- for the entire overlap. If short crossfades have been chosen, the
- crossfade will start just before the end of the earlier region and will
- last for the chosen short crossfade duration. The mute status of the
- crossfade will depend on the current state of the "New crossfades are
- muted" setting.
- </para>
- </section>
-
- <section id="internal-overlaps">
- <title>Internal overlaps</title>
- <para>
- An "internal" overlap occurs when the start and end of one region both
- occur within the duration of another.
- </para>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/internalhigheroverlap.png"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>
- Overlaps of this type will cause two short crossfades to be place at the
- start of the later region and close to its end. Both crossfades will last
- for the current short crossfade duration, and are created in an un-muted
- state. These crossfades <emphasis>cannot</emphasis> be converted to full
- crossfades. It is important to realize that the purpose of these two
- crossfades is a little different than those created for the single-ended
- overlap cases above. They are created solely to avoid audio glitches at
- the transitions between the two regions, and are not intended to
- facilitate interesting crossfades between the upper and lower region.
- </para>
-
- <para>
- Notice that in the example above, the shorter region is above the longer
- one. It is also possible to create the following type of overlap, where
- the shorter region is below the longer one:
- </para>
- <mediaobject>
- <imageobject>
- <imagedata fileref="images/internalloweroverlap.png"/>
- </imageobject>
- </mediaobject>
-
- <para>
- Overlaps of this type will not cause any crossfades to be created. The
- uppermost region will be audible throughout its duration; the lowermost
- region will not be audible at all.
- </para>
- </section>
- </section>
-
- <section id="creating-crossfades">
- <title>Creating Crossfades</title>
- <para>
- To create a crossfade between two regions, move them so that they overlap.
- A crossfade is automatically created within the overlap (possibly two,
- dependening on the type of overlap, as explained above). Whether the
- crossfade is muted or not depends on two things:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- if the current crossfade type is set to "Short", the new crossfade will
- be created in an un-muted state
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- if the current crossfade type is set to "Full", the mute status of the
- new crossfade is controlled from the <emphasis>option editor</emphasis>
- on the "Layers&Fades" control panel. If "New crossfades are unmuted",
- the new crossfade will be unmuted.
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>
- A muted crossfade is not directly visible in the editor window, but can be
- accessed by context clicking within the overlap that it relates to. An
- unmuted crossfade has a yellow background that covers the entire overlap
- (to make its presence obvious at all times), and a pair of visible curves
- that show the gain control curves for the fade. These curves may not be
- visible at a particular zoom level, especially for short crossfades.
- </para>
- </section>
-
- <section id="editing-crossfades">
- <title>Editing Crossfades</title>
- <para>
- To carry out operations on a crossfade, context click anywhere in the
- overlap. For the short crossfades in the "internal" overlap case, you will
- need to zoom in until the crossfade becomes visible, and then context click
- on it. Each crossfade under the mouse pointer (there is normally only one)
- will appear in the context menu, and will lead to a submenu offering the
- following options:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Mute/Unmute the crossfade
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- Edit the crossfade
- </para>
- </listitem>
- <listitem>
- <para>
- change the crossfade from short to full or vice versa
- </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>
- The last option is not available for the short crossfades in the "internal"
- overlap case.
- </para>
- </section>
+ <title>Working with Crossfades</title>
+ <para>
+ Whenever you arrange any two audio regions so that they overlap in any
+ way, you create the potential for a
+ <link linkend="gt-crossfade">crossfade</link> between them: a smooth
+ transition from one region to the other. Crossfades in Ardour are
+ generated in realtime, and are not stored on disk. They are objects
+ within a playlist just like regions, except that the only way to create
+ a crossfade is by overlapping two regions, and the only way to remove a
+ crossfade is to move one or both of the regions so that they no longer
+ overlap. Note that crossfades are not always audible (they can be muted
+ and unmuted at will), and can be edited in a variety of ways. We think
+ of a crossfade as consisting of an overlap between two regions, plus two
+ gain control curves that control the volume of the incoming and outgoing
+ regions during the crossfade.
+ </para>
+
+ <section id="crossfade-types">
+ <title>Types of crossfades</title>
+ <para>
+ Ardour comes with two basic kinds of crossfades, termed
+ <emphasis>short crossfades</emphasis> and <emphasis>full
+ crossfades</emphasis> . A full crossfade is a transition between two
+ regions that spans the entire overlap between them. If the overlap is
+ 2 seconds long, then the crossfade is 2 seconds long. A short
+ crossfade is a transition between two regions that lasts a fixed
+ amount of time and serves simply to avoid audio glitches at the
+ boundary of the two regions. The length of a short crossfade is a
+ session-wide parameter than can be set via the <emphasis>option
+ editor</emphasis> . The default is 15ms, and the length can vary from
+ 1 milliseconds to 0.5 seconds. In the current version of Ardour, it is
+ not possible to change the length of a short becrossfade after it has
+ been created, but it is possible to change most short crossfades to a
+ full crossfade and vice versa. Full crossfades can have their length
+ altered by changing the extent of the overlap between the two regions.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Note that even though the absolute length of the crossfade is fixed,
+ crossfades can be <emphasis>edited</emphasis> with complete freedom,
+ allowing you change the effective length of a crossfade by altering
+ the shapes of the fade in and fade out curves.
+ </para>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="crossfade-overlaps">
+ <title>Overlaps</title>
+ <para>
+ There are several different ways to overlap two regions, and they
+ result in different kinds of crossfades being placed at the boundaries
+ of the two regions:
+ </para>
+
+ <section id="external-overlaps">
+ <title>External overlaps</title>
+ <para>
+ An "external" overlap occurs when a region starts within another
+ region, but extends beyond the other's end.
+ </para>
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="images/overlaplaterhigher.png"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ <para>
+ Overlaps like this will cause an xfade to be placed at the start of
+ the later region. Whether it is a full or short crossfade is
+ controlled by the current crossfade type preference. If short
+ crossfades have been chosen, the crossfade will last for the current
+ short crossfade duration; otherwise the full crossfade will last for
+ the entire overlap. The mute status of the crossfade will depend on
+ the current state of the "New crossfades are muted" setting.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ In the example above, the later region is above the earlier one. It
+ is also possible to create an overlap where the earlier region is in
+ a higher layer:
+ </para>
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="images/overlapearlyhigher.png"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ <para>
+ For an overlap of this type, the current crossfade type preference
+ affects the placement of the crossfade. If full crossfades have been
+ chosen, the crossfade will be placed at the start of the later
+ region and will last for the entire overlap. If short crossfades
+ have been chosen, the crossfade will start just before the end of
+ the earlier region and will last for the chosen short crossfade
+ duration. The mute status of the crossfade will depend on the
+ current state of the "New crossfades are muted" setting.
+ </para>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="internal-overlaps">
+ <title>Internal overlaps</title>
+ <para>
+ An "internal" overlap occurs when the start and end of one region
+ both occur within the duration of another.
+ </para>
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="images/internalhigheroverlap.png"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ <para>
+ Overlaps of this type will cause two short crossfades to be place at
+ the start of the later region and close to its end. Both crossfades
+ will last for the current short crossfade duration, and are created
+ in an un-muted state. These crossfades <emphasis>cannot</emphasis>
+ be converted to full crossfades. It is important to realize that the
+ purpose of these two crossfades is a little different than those
+ created for the single-ended overlap cases above. They are created
+ solely to avoid audio glitches at the transitions between the two
+ regions, and are not intended to facilitate interesting crossfades
+ between the upper and lower region.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Notice that in the example above, the shorter region is above the
+ longer one. It is also possible to create the following type of
+ overlap, where the shorter region is below the longer one:
+ </para>
+ <mediaobject>
+ <imageobject>
+ <imagedata fileref="images/internalloweroverlap.png"/>
+ </imageobject>
+ </mediaobject>
+ <para>
+ Overlaps of this type will not cause any crossfades to be created.
+ The uppermost region will be audible throughout its duration; the
+ lowermost region will not be audible at all.
+ </para>
+ </section>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="creating-crossfades">
+ <title>Creating Crossfades</title>
+ <para>
+ To create a crossfade between two regions, move them so that they
+ overlap. A crossfade is automatically created within the overlap
+ (possibly two, dependening on the type of overlap, as explained
+ above). Whether the crossfade is muted or not depends on two things:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ if the current crossfade type is set to "Short", the new crossfade
+ will be created in an un-muted state
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ if the current crossfade type is set to "Full", the mute status of
+ the new crossfade is controlled from the <emphasis>option
+ editor</emphasis> on the "Layers&Fades" control panel. If "New
+ crossfades are unmuted", the new crossfade will be unmuted.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>
+ A muted crossfade is not directly visible in the editor window, but
+ can be accessed by context clicking within the overlap that it relates
+ to. An unmuted crossfade has a yellow background that covers the
+ entire overlap (to make its presence obvious at all times), and a pair
+ of visible curves that show the gain control curves for the fade.
+ These curves may not be visible at a particular zoom level, especially
+ for short crossfades.
+ </para>
+ </section>
+
+ <section id="editing-crossfades">
+ <title>Editing Crossfades</title>
+ <para>
+ To carry out operations on a crossfade, context click anywhere in the
+ overlap. For the short crossfades in the "internal" overlap case, you
+ will need to zoom in until the crossfade becomes visible, and then
+ context click on it. Each crossfade under the mouse pointer (there is
+ normally only one) will appear in the context menu, and will lead to a
+ submenu offering the following options:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Mute/Unmute the crossfade
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Edit the crossfade
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ change the crossfade from short to full or vice versa
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>
+ The last option is not available for the short crossfades in the
+ "internal" overlap case.
+ </para>
+ </section>
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projects / ardour.git / blobdiff