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11 <book xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
14 <title>DCP-o-matic users' manual</title>
15 <author><firstname>Carl</firstname><surname>Hetherington</surname></author>
18 <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
19 <title>Introduction</title>
22 Hello, and welcome to DCP-o-matic!
25 <!-- ============================================================== -->
27 <title>What is DCP-o-matic?</title>
29 <para>DCP-o-matic is a set of tools to allow you to:</para>
32 <listitem>Create <ulink
33 url="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Cinema_Package">Digital
34 Cinema Packages</ulink> (DCPs) from video, audio, subtitle and closed-caption files.</listitem>
35 <listitem>Play and verify DCPs (see <xref linkend="ch-player"/> and <xref linkend="ch-verifier"/>).</listitem>
36 <listitem>Create KDMs for DCPs (see <xref linkend="ch-encryption"/>).</listitem>
37 <listitem>Write cinema-format drives containing DCPs (see <xref linkend="ch-writer"/>).</listitem>
43 <!-- ============================================================== -->
45 <title>Licence</title>
48 DCP-o-matic is free and open-source and is licensed under the <ulink
49 url="https://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0.html">GNU
56 <!-- ============================================================== -->
58 <title>Acknowledgements</title>
61 This manual uses icons from the <ulink url="http://tango.freedesktop.org/">Tango Desktop Project</ulink>, with thanks.
66 <!-- ============================================================== -->
68 <title>This manual</title>
71 This manual presents bits of DCP-o-matic's user interface (such as menu items or buttons) <guilabel>like this</guilabel>.
75 Notes of an advanced nature are presented like this. Ignore them unless you want to know the details.
82 <!-- ============================================================== -->
83 <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
84 <title>Installation</title>
87 <!-- ============================================================== -->
89 <title>Windows</title>
92 To install DCP-o-matic on Windows, download the installer from
93 <ulink url="https://dcpomatic.com/">https://dcpomatic.com/</ulink>
94 and double-click it. Click through the installer wizard, and
95 DCP-o-matic will be installed onto your machine.
99 Use the 64-bit installer unless you are using a 32-bit version of Windows.
100 You may find that DCP-o-matic crashes if run the 32-bit version on a CPU with more than 4 cores.
106 <!-- ============================================================== -->
111 DCP-o-matic versions 2.16.0 and higher will run on macOS version 10.8 (Mountain Lion) and
112 higher. DCP-o-matic is split into eight separate applications, each of
113 which can be installed by downloading the <code>.dmg</code>,
114 double-clicking to open and then dragging the icon to your
115 <guilabel>Applications</guilabel> folder.
119 If you don't know which parts of DCP-o-matic to install, start
120 with the first (main) part.
124 If you are using macOS 10.7 (Lion) or older you will need to install the latest 2.14.x version of DCP-o-matic.
129 <!-- ============================================================== -->
131 <title>Debian, Ubuntu and Mint Linux</title>
133 <para>There are <code>.deb</code> packages for Debian, Ubuntu and Mint on
134 <ulink url="https://dcpomatic.com/">https://dcpomatic.com/</ulink>
137 <!-- ============================================================== -->
140 <!-- ============================================================== -->
142 <title>Fedora, Centos and Mageia Linux</title>
144 <para>There are <code>.rpm</code> packages for Fedora, Centos and Mageia on
145 <ulink url="https://dcpomatic.com/">https://dcpomatic.com/</ulink>
148 <!-- ============================================================== -->
150 <!-- ============================================================== -->
152 <title>Arch Linux</title>
154 Packages for Arch Linux are available from <ulink
155 url="https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/dcpomatic/">https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/dcpomatic/</ulink>,
156 thanks to Stefan Karner.
161 <title>Building from source</title>
163 Since DCP-o-matic is open-source you can also build it yourself,
164 though this can be quite a difficult process (especially on Windows and macOS).
165 There are instructions for how to do it on <ulink url="https://dcpomatic.com/building">https://dcpomatic.com/building</ulink>
173 <!-- ============================================================== -->
174 <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
175 <title>Creating a DCP from a video</title>
178 In this chapter we will see how to create a DCP from a video file using
179 DCP-o-matic. We will gloss over the details and look at the basics.
183 <title>Creating a new film</title>
186 Let's make a very simple DCP to see how DCP-o-matic works. First, we
187 need some content. Download the low-resolution trailer for the open
188 movie <ulink url="http://sintel.org/">Sintel</ulink> from <ulink
189 url="https://download.blender.org/durian/trailer/Sintel_Trailer.480p.DivX_Plus_HD.mkv">their
190 website</ulink>. Generally one would want to use the
191 highest-resolution material available, but for this test we will use
192 the low-resolution version to save on download time.
196 Now, start DCP-o-matic and its window will open. First, we will
197 create a new ‘film’. A ‘film’ is how DCP-o-matic refers to
198 some pieces of content, along with some settings, which we will make into
199 a DCP. DCP-o-matic stores its ‘film’ data in a folder on your disk while it
204 You can create a new film by selecting
205 <guilabel>New</guilabel> from the <guilabel>File</guilabel> menu, as
206 shown in <xref linkend="fig-file-new"/>.
209 <figure id="fig-file-new">
210 <title>Creating a new film</title>
213 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/file-new&scs;"/>
219 This will open a dialogue box for the new film, as shown in <xref
220 linkend="fig-video-new-film"/>.
223 <figure id="fig-video-new-film">
224 <title>Dialogue box for creating a new film</title>
227 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/new-film&scs;"/>
233 In this dialogue box you can choose a name for the film. This will be
234 used to name the folder to store its data in, and also as the initial
235 name for the DCP itself. You can also choose where you want to create
236 the film. In the example from the figure, DCP-o-matic will create a
237 folder called ‘DCP Test’ inside my existing folder <code>DCP</code> into which it
238 will write its working files.
242 DCPs can be very large (more than 100Gb for a feature-length DCP) so
243 it's important to choose a folder on a disk with plenty of free space.
249 <!-- ============================================================== -->
251 <title>Adding content</title>
254 The next step is to add the content that you want to use. DCP-o-matic
255 can make DCPs from multiple pieces of content, but in this example we
256 will use a single piece. Click the <guilabel>Add
257 file(s)...</guilabel> button, as shown in <xref
258 linkend="fig-add-file"/>, and a file chooser will open for you to
259 select the content file to use, as shown in <xref
260 linkend="fig-video-select-content-file"/>.
263 <figure id="fig-add-file">
264 <title>Adding content files</title>
267 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/add-file&scs;"/>
272 <figure id="fig-video-select-content-file">
273 <title>Selecting a video content file</title>
276 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/video-select-content-file&scs;"/>
282 Select your content file and click <guilabel>Open</guilabel>. In this
283 case we are using the Sintel trailer that we downloaded earlier.
287 When you do this, DCP-o-matic will take a look at your file. After a
288 short while (when the progress bar at the bottom right of the window
289 has finished), you can look through your content using the slider to
290 the right of the window, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-examine-content"/>.
293 <figure id="fig-examine-content">
294 <title>Examining the content</title>
297 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/examine-content&scs;"/>
303 Dragging the slider will move through your video. You can also click
304 the <guilabel>Play</guilabel> button to play the content back.
312 <!-- ============================================================== -->
314 <title>Making the DCP</title>
316 <para>In most cases, some adjustments would be made to DCP-o-matic's
317 settings once the content has been added. For our simple test,
318 however, the default values will suffice, so we can go straight onto
319 making the DCP.</para>
322 Choose <guilabel>Make DCP</guilabel> from the
323 <guilabel>Jobs</guilabel> menu. Before encoding your DCP, DCP-o-matic
324 will run a series of checks on your film to look for various conditions
325 that might cause problems when playing back the DCP. If any potential
326 problems are found, DCP-o-matic will show you a list of hints.
327 Each hint describes the condition that was found and gives
328 advice on how to resolve it. If hints are found and reported, you can
329 either <guilabel>Make DCP</guilabel> anyway (without adjusting any
330 settings), or <guilabel>Go back</guilabel> in order to make
331 adjustments before encoding the DCP.
335 If no hints were found (or you pressed <guilabel>Make DCP</guilabel>
336 after hints were displayed), DCP-o-matic will encode your DCP.
337 This may take some time (many hours in some cases). While the job is
338 in progress, DCP-o-matic will update you on how it is getting on with
339 the progress bar in the bottom of its window, as shown in <xref
340 linkend="fig-making-dcp"/>.
343 <figure id="fig-making-dcp">
344 <title>Making the DCP</title>
347 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/making-dcp&scs;"/>
353 When it has finished, the DCP will be written into its own folder inside the film's folder.
354 You can copy this to a projector via a USB stick, hard-drive or network connection. See <xref
355 linkend="ch-files"/> for details about the files that DCP-o-matic creates.
359 Alternatively, DCP-o-matic can upload your DCP directly to a projector
360 or Theatre Management System (TMS) that is accessible via SCP or FTP
361 across your network. See <xref linkend="sec-prefs-tms"/>.
368 <!-- ============================================================== -->
369 <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
370 <title>Creating a DCP from a still image</title>
373 DCP-o-matic can also be used to create DCPs of one or more still images, perhaps
374 for an advertisement or an on-screen announcement. This chapter shows you
379 As with DCPs made from video files, the first step is to create a new
380 ‘Film’; select <guilabel>New</guilabel> from the
381 <guilabel>File</guilabel> menu and the new film dialogue will open as
382 shown in <xref linkend="fig-still-new-film"/>.
385 <figure id="fig-still-new-film">
386 <title>Dialogue box for creating a new film</title>
389 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/new-film&scs;"/>
395 Enter a name and click <guilabel>OK</guilabel>. Now we need to add
396 the content. As before, click <guilabel>Add file(s)...</guilabel>.
397 For our example, we will add a single image file, as shown in <xref
398 linkend="fig-still-select-content-file"/>.
401 <figure id="fig-still-select-content-file">
402 <title>Selecting a still content file</title>
405 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/still-select-content-file&scs;"/>
411 Most of the default settings will be fine for a simple test. The one
412 thing that you might wish to change is the length of the still.
413 Select the <guilabel>Timing</guilabel> tab and you will see a
414 <guilabel>Full length</guilabel> setting, as shown in <xref
415 linkend="fig-timing-tab"/>.
418 <figure id="fig-timing-tab">
419 <title>The timing tab</title>
422 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/timing-tab&scs;"/>
428 This length is a ‘timecode’: it consists of four numbers.
429 The first is hours, the second minutes, the third seconds, and the
430 fourth frames. Enter the duration that you want and then click <guilabel>Set</guilabel>.
434 Finally, as with video, you can choose <guilabel>Make DCP</guilabel>
435 from the <guilabel>Jobs</guilabel> menu to create your DCP. This will
436 be much quicker than creating a DCP from a video file, as DCP-o-matic only needs
437 to encode a single frame which it can then repeat.
443 <!-- ============================================================== -->
444 <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en" id="ch-manipulating-existing-dcps">
445 <title>Manipulating existing DCPs</title>
448 DCP-o-matic is often used to take content in formats such as MP4 and
449 make it into a DCP. It can also be used to take existing DCPs and
450 modify them in various ways.
454 <title>Importing a DCP into DCP-o-matic</title>
457 The first step in manipulating an existing DCP is to import it. Click
458 <guilabel>Add DCP...</guilabel> and select your DCP's folder. It will
459 be added to the DCP-o-matic project. If the DCP is unencrypted you
460 can preview it in the normal way, though playback may be slow as
461 decoding of DCPs is almost as computationally intensive as encoding
466 If your DCP is a Version File (VF) (i.e. it refers to
467 another DCP's assets) you should import it as follows:
471 <listitem>Use <guilabel>Add DCP...</guilabel> to import the VF DCP.
472 The VF DCP will be added to the content list and marked “NEEDS
473 OV”.</listitem>
474 <listitem>Right-click on the VF DCP in the content list and choose <guilabel>Add OV...</guilabel> from the menu.</listitem>
475 <listitem>Choose the folder that contains the OV DCP. The VF will now be playable as normal.</listitem>
481 <section xml:id="sec-decrypting">
482 <title>Decrypting encrypted DCPs</title>
485 DCPs can be encrypted (see <xref linkend="ch-encryption"/> for
486 details). If you import an encrypted DCP you will need a key, in the
487 form of a Key Delivery Message (KDM), to decrypt it.
491 KDMs must be prepared by whoever created the DCP. They
492 contain the keys to decrypt the DCP wrapped up in such a way that only
493 the intended recipient can read them. You will need to provide the
494 KDM creator with a certificate which identifies your copy of
495 DCP-o-matic and allows them to create a KDM for you.
499 To get DCP-o-matic's decryption certificate, open the Preferences
500 dialogue (see <xref linkend="ch-preferences"/>) and go to the
501 <guilabel>Keys</guilabel> tab. Click the <guilabel>Export KDM
502 decryption leaf certificate...</guilabel> button at the top of this tab
503 and save the certificate. Send this certificate to the KDM creators
504 and they can make a KDM to allow DCP-o-matic to decrypt the DCP.
508 Once you have your KDM, right-click the DCP's name in the DCP-o-matic content list and
509 choose <guilabel>Add KDM...</guilabel>. Select your KDM and the DCP
510 will be decrypted and become available for preview.
517 <title>Making a DCP from a DCP</title>
520 In many ways, using DCPs as <emphasis>content</emphasis> in
521 DCP-o-matic is the same as using any other content. There are a few
522 things to note, though.
527 <title>Re-use of existing data</title>
530 Where possible DCP-o-matic will re-use existing JPEG2000-compressed
531 data from DCP content without modification. This has the advantage
532 that creation of the new DCP will be quick, as the time-consuming
533 JPEG2000 encoding is not necessary.
537 DCP-o-matic can do this if you <emphasis>avoid</emphasis> changes to
538 the following content settings:
542 <listitem>Crop</listitem>
543 <listitem>Scaling</listitem>
544 <listitem>Subtitle burn-in</listitem>
545 <listitem>Fades</listitem>
546 <listitem>Colour conversion</listitem>
550 DCP-o-matic will be forced to decode and re-encode your JPEG2000 data
551 if you change any of these settings on a piece of DCP content.
557 <section xml:id="sec-overlay">
558 <title>Making overlay files</title>
561 With its default settings, DCP-o-matic will take any data from DCP
562 content and copy it into the DCP that it creates. See <xref linkend="fig-dcp-copy"/>.
565 <figure id="fig-dcp-copy">
566 <title>Creating a new DCP by copying an existing one</title>
567 <mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/dcp-copy&dia;"/></imageobject></mediaobject>
571 This can be inefficient in some cases. Consider, for example, a film
572 which has ten different translations for which the subtitles are
573 different but video and audio are the same. If the video and audio
574 content takes up, say, 100Gb this means that the set of DCPs for every
575 translation would be about 1Tb, with a lot of duplicated data.
579 The DCP format has a solution to this problem. One DCP can refer to
580 the ‘assets’ (picture, sound or subtitle) of another DCP.
581 For our translation example this means that we could have a
582 ‘base’ DCP (often called the OV or Original Version)
583 containing video, audio and one set of subtitles and then any number
584 of overlay DCPs (often called VF or Version Files) which refer to the
585 base version and replace the original subtitles with their own. <xref
586 linkend="fig-dcp-refer"/> shows this principle for one of our
587 translations. The DCP that we make refers to the original content
588 DCP's video and audio rather than containing a copy.
591 <figure id="fig-dcp-refer">
592 <title>Creating a new DCP by referring to an existing one</title>
593 <mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/dcp-refer&dia;"/></imageobject></mediaobject>
597 To play back the subtitled DCP the projectionist ingests both the base
598 (OV) DCP and the overlay (VF) DCP, then plays the VF one.
602 To make a DCP like this:
606 <listitem>Import your ‘Content DCP’ to a DCP-o-matic project.</listitem>
607 <listitem>Add whatever replacement you want in your new DCP (replacement subtitles or audio files, for example).</listitem>
608 <listitem>Select the DCP in the content list</listitem>
609 <listitem>Tick the <guilabel>Use's this DCP's ... as OV and make VF</guilabel> checkbox
610 in the tabs for the parts of the DCP that you want to refer to in your
611 new DCP. For example, to refer to the Content DCP's video and audio you would select the <guilabel>Video</guilabel> tab, click <guilabel>Use this DCP's video as OV and make VF</guilabel> then select the <guilabel>Audio</guilabel> tab and click <guilabel>Use this DCP's audio as OV and make VF</guilabel>.</listitem>
612 <listitem>Do <guilabel>Make DCP</guilabel> as usual and your VF DCP will be created.</listitem>
622 <!-- ============================================================== -->
625 <!-- ============================================================== -->
626 <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
627 <title>Content settings</title>
630 The previous chapters showed DCP generation using the default
631 settings. DCP-o-matic offers a range of features to adjust the
632 content that goes into your DCP, and this chapter describes those
637 <title>Adding and removing content</title>
640 At the top of the <guilabel>Content</guilabel> tab is a list of the
641 content that will go into our DCP. There can be as many pieces of
642 content as you like, and they can be of the following types:
646 <listitem>Movie — a file containing some video, probably some
647 audio and possibly some embedded subtitles; for example, a MOV, MP4 or VOB.
650 <listitem>Sound — a file containing one or more channels of
651 audio; for example, a WAV or AIFF file.
654 <listitem>Still image — a file containing a single still image; for
655 example, a JPEG, PNG or TIFF file.
658 <listitem>Moving image — a directory containing many still
659 images which should be treated as the frames of a video.
662 <listitem>Subtitle — a file containing subtitles which will be
663 superimposed on the image of the DCP. These can be
664 <guilabel>.srt</guilabel>, <guilabel>.ssa</guilabel>, <guilabel>.ass</guilabel> or <guilabel>.xml</guilabel>
665 files. Subtitle files can also be used to make closed captions.</listitem>
667 <listitem>DCP — an existing DCP.</listitem>
669 <listitem>ATMOS MXFs — if you have Dolby ATMOS content in MXF format (created using Dolby's tools) you can add it to a DCP just like any other content.</listitem>
673 To add one or more movie, sound, still-image or subtitle files, select
674 <guilabel>Add file(s)...</guilabel> and choose them from the selector.
678 DCP-o-matic will automatically map a set of audio files to the correct channels if you include appropriate ‘tags’ in your filenames, as shown in <xref linkend="tab-audio-file-naming"/>.
681 <table id="tab-audio-file-naming">
682 <title>Audio file naming</title>
683 <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
687 <entry>Examples</entry>
688 <entry>Channel</entry>
693 <entry><code>L</code> surrounded by <code>.</code> <code>_</code> or <code>-</code></entry>
694 <entry>film-L.wav my_movie_L_final.wav</entry>
698 <entry><code>R</code> surrounded by <code>.</code> <code>_</code> or <code>-</code></entry>
699 <entry>film-R.wav my_movie_R_final.wav</entry>
703 <entry><code>C</code> surrounded by <code>.</code> <code>_</code> or <code>-</code></entry>
704 <entry>film-C.wav my_movie_C_final.wav</entry>
705 <entry>Centre</entry>
708 <entry><code>Lfe</code> surrounded by <code>.</code> <code>_</code> or <code>-</code></entry>
709 <entry>film-Lfe.wav my_movie_Lfe_final.wav</entry>
710 <entry>LFE (sub)</entry>
713 <entry><code>Ls</code> surrounded by <code>.</code> <code>_</code> or <code>-</code></entry>
714 <entry>film-Ls.wav my_movie_Ls_final.wav</entry>
715 <entry>Left surround</entry>
718 <entry><code>Rs</code> surrounded by <code>.</code> <code>_</code> or <code>-</code></entry>
719 <entry>film-Rs.wav my_movie_Rs_final.wav</entry>
720 <entry>Right surround</entry>
727 To add a directory (folder) of images, choose <guilabel>Add
728 folder...</guilabel> and choose the directory from the selector.
729 DCP-o-matic will open a small dialogue box where you can enter the
730 frame rate that the image sequence should be run at.
734 To add a DCP, choose <guilabel>Add DCP...</guilabel> and choose the
735 DCP's directory from the selector.
739 You can remove a piece of content by clicking on its name and then
740 clicking the <guilabel>Remove</guilabel> button.
745 <!-- ============================================================== -->
747 <title>Adding existing DCPs</title>
749 <para>Adding existing DCPs to a DCP-o-matic film is a little different
750 to adding other types of content. Most content has to be converted to
751 JPEG2000 (the compression scheme used by DCPs) which is a very
752 time-consuming process. Existing DCPs are already in JPEG2000 format
753 so do not require conversion. This means that, provided no settings
754 such as crop are used on the DCP content, picture and sound data will
755 be passed from existing to new DCP unaltered.
758 <para>Encrypted DCPs that are added as content will require a KDM
759 targeted at DCP-o-matic so that DCP-o-matic can decrypt them. You
760 should ask the creator of the imported DCP to provide a KDM for
761 DCP-o-matic's decryption certificate, which can be obtained by
762 clicking <guilabel>Export DCP decryption certificate...</guilabel>
763 from the <guilabel>Keys</guilabel> tab of the
764 <guilabel>Preferences</guilabel> dialog (see <xref
765 linkend="sec-prefs-keys"/>).
770 <!-- ============================================================== -->
772 <title>Content properties</title>
775 Below the content list are the controls to set content properties. To
776 adjust the properties for a piece of content, click its name in the
777 content list. The content property controls will then become active
778 for that piece of content.
782 If you want to change the properties for multiple pieces of content at
783 the same time, select the content in the list by clicking the first
784 piece then clicking the other pieces with <keycap>shift</keycap> key
785 held down. Note that not all settings can be changed in this way.
789 The content properties are split up into four sections:
790 <guilabel>Video</guilabel>, <guilabel>Audio</guilabel>,
791 <guilabel>Timed text</guilabel> and <guilabel>Timing</guilabel>. Not
792 all of these sections will be active for all content types. The controls
793 in each section are described below.
799 <!-- ============================================================== -->
804 The <guilabel>Video</guilabel> tab controls properties of the image, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-video-tab"/>.
807 <figure id="fig-video-tab">
808 <title>Video settings tab</title>
811 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/video-tab&scs;"/>
817 <!-- ============================================================== -->
819 <title>Use this DCP's video as OV and make VF</title>
822 This option is only available if the selected content is an existing
823 DCP. It allows you make a VF DCP, using the video content from the
824 existing DCP by referencing it (rather than copying). See <xref
825 linkend="sec-overlay"/>.
830 <!-- ============================================================== -->
832 <title>Image type</title>
835 The next option on this tab is the ‘type’ of the video.
836 This specifies how DCP-o-matic should interpret the video's image.
837 <guilabel>2D</guilabel> is the default; this just takes the video
838 image as a standard 2D frame. The <guilabel>3D
839 left/right</guilabel> option tells DCP-o-matic to interpret the frame as a
840 left-right pair, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-3d-left-right"/>.
843 <figure id="fig-3d-left-right">
844 <title>3D left/right image type</title>
847 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/3d-left-right&dia;"/>
853 Alternatively the <guilabel>3D top/bottom</guilabel> option tells
854 DCP-o-matic to see the frame as a top-bottom pair, as shown in <xref
855 linkend="fig-3d-top-bottom"/>.
858 <figure id="fig-3d-top-bottom">
859 <title>3D top/bottom image type</title>
862 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/3d-top-bottom&dia;"/>
868 Another option is <guilabel>3D alternate</guilabel> which takes the
869 first frame of the content as for the left eye, the second for the
870 right eye, the third for the left, and so on. Finally, you can
871 specify <guilabel>3D left only</guilabel> or <guilabel>3D right
872 only</guilabel> if this content contains only the the left or right
873 eye images. This is useful when you have the left and right eye image
874 sets in different files; you can specify one content as <guilabel>3D
875 left only</guilabel> and another as <guilabel>3D right only</guilabel>
876 and DCP-o-matic will pick up the appropriate frames from each.
882 <!-- ============================================================== -->
884 <title>Colour conversion</title>
887 The <guilabel>Colour conversion</guilabel> setting specifies what
888 colour transforms and gamma correction DCP-o-matic will use when
889 converting the selected content into the XYZ colourspace for the DCP.
893 In particular, the setting you choose here should be the colour space <emphasis>that the content
894 has been created or graded for</emphasis>. DCP-o-matic will take care of converting your content's
895 colourspace into the correct one for the DCP.
899 The easiest way to select the required conversion is to choose one of
900 DCP-o-matic's presets. DCP-o-matic knows how to convert from seven
901 common colourspaces: sRGB, Rec. 601, Rec. 709, Rec. 1886, Rec. 2020, S-Gamut3 and P3. If you do not
902 know which preset you should use, refer to the suggestions in <xref
903 linkend="tab-colour-conversion"/>.
906 <table id="tab-colour-conversion">
907 <title>Suggested colour conversion settings</title>
908 <tgroup cols='2' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
909 <colspec colwidth='1*'/>
910 <colspec colwidth='5*'/>
913 <entry>sRGB</entry><entry>Still images in RGB, e.g. photographs.</entry>
916 <entry>Rec. 601</entry><entry>Standard-definition content (fewer than about 1000 pixels across) including DVD rips.</entry>
919 <entry>Rec. 709</entry><entry>High-definition content including Blu-Ray rips.</entry>
922 <entry>P3</entry><entry>Content explicitly graded to P3.</entry>
929 For other required colour conversions, and if you know what you are
930 doing, you can choose <guilabel>Custom</guilabel> which will open the full
931 colour conversion editing dialogue box:
934 <figure id="fig-colour-conversion">
935 <title>Dialogue box for custom colour conversion</title>
938 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/colour-conversion&scs;"/>
944 Alternatively, choose <guilabel>None</guilabel> if your source files
945 are already in the XYZ colour space and require no conversion.
949 DCP-o-matic's colour conversion processes are discussed in much more
950 detail in a separate document <ulink
951 url="https://dcpomatic.com/manual/colour.pdf">colour.pdf</ulink>.
956 <!-- ============================================================== -->
958 <title>Other settings</title>
961 The <guilabel>crop</guilabel> settings can be used to crop your
962 content, which is often used to remove black borders from the edges of
963 the image. The specified number of pixels will be trimmed from each
964 edge, and the content image in the right of the window will be updated
965 to show the effect of the crop.
969 The <guilabel>fade in</guilabel> and <guilabel>fade out</guilabel>
970 settings can be used to apply linear fades into and out of a piece of
971 content. Specify the time for each, clicking <guilabel>Set</guilabel>
972 after making any changes.
976 The <guilabel>Scale</guilabel> option governs the shape that
977 DCP-o-matic will scale the content's image into. In most cases <guilabel>to fit DCP</guilabel> will do the right thing; if not, choose <guilabel>custom</guilabel>
978 and you can specify exactly how the image should be scaled.
983 <!-- ============================================================== -->
985 <title>Video description</title>
988 At the bottom of the video tab is a short description of what will
989 happen to your video with the current settings. In the example of
990 <xref linkend="fig-video-tab"/>, DCP-o-matic is telling you that the
991 video file is 720x576 pixels and has rectangular pixels (a pixel
992 aspect ratio of 1.42:1) and so its display aspect ratio is 1.78:1. Since
993 the controls specify <guilabel>to fit DCP</guilabel> DCP-o-matic scales the image
994 to 1918x1080 and pads it to the DCP's container ratio of 1.85:1 (called ‘DCI Flat’). For a 2K DCP this is 1998x1080 pixels.
998 This description also gives the frame rate of the content and what
999 will happen to it when it is played at the DCP's frame rate. See
1000 <xref linkend="ch-frame-rates"/> for details of DCP-o-matic's
1001 frame-rate conversion.
1009 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1011 <title>Audio</title>
1014 The <guilabel>Audio</guilabel> tab controls properties of the sound, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-audio-tab"/>.
1017 <figure id="fig-audio-tab">
1018 <title>Audio settings tab</title>
1021 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/audio-tab&scs;"/>
1026 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1028 <title>The audio map</title>
1031 The section at the bottom of the audio tab is the ‘audio
1032 map’. This governs how sound from the content will be arranged
1037 Down the left-hand side of the map is the list of audio channels in
1038 the currently-selected piece of content. These are labelled with two
1039 numbers; the first is the stream index within the content and the
1040 second is the channel number within that stream. Some content will
1041 have different streams for different languages or audio mixes. Along
1042 the top is each channel in the DCP. A green box means that the
1043 corresponding content channel will be copied into the corresponding
1048 When content channels are copied into DCP channels the copy can be done
1049 with variable gain. If, for example, you want to copy a channel
1050 as-is, you can set a gain of 0dB. Alternatively, if you want to mix
1051 two channels into one, you may want to use a gain of -6dB on each one
1052 to prevent clipping when the two channels are added.
1056 The green boxes of the audio mapping view tell you (very roughly) how
1057 much gain is applied to each channel. A full-height box means 0dB
1058 (i.e. unity) gain. Any less height indicates lower gain.
1062 To map one channel to another with 0dB gain, click in the empty box
1063 and it will turn green to reflect the mapping. A second click will
1064 turn the mapping back off. To set some other gain, right-click on the
1065 box to open the gain menu. This allows you to set
1066 <guilabel>Off</guilabel> (no mapping or negative infinity gain),
1067 <guilabel>Full</guilabel> (0dB gain), -6dB gain or
1068 <guilabel>Edit</guilabel> which allows you to set the required gain
1073 Consider, for example, the case in <xref linkend="fig-audio-map-eg1"/>.
1076 <figure id="fig-audio-map-eg1">
1077 <title>Audio map example 1</title>
1080 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/audio-map-eg1&scs;"/>
1086 Here, we have two channels in the source which are mapped to left and
1087 right, respectively, in the DCP. The full green boxes show that the
1088 mapping is at unity gain (0dB) in each case. Imagine that we modify
1089 the settings to those shown in <xref linkend="fig-audio-map-eg2"/>
1092 <figure id="fig-audio-map-eg2">
1093 <title>Audio map example 2</title>
1096 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/audio-map-eg2&scs;"/>
1102 We now have the content's streams mapped to left and right and also
1103 mixed together and placed in the DCP's centre channel. The smaller
1104 green boxes on the centre mappings show that those channels are added
1105 with some non-unity gain; you can see by hovering the mouse pointer
1106 over those boxes that the gain for content channels 1 and 2 is -6dB
1107 when being sent to the centre channel and 0dB when being sent to left
1111 <figure id="fig-audio-map-eg3">
1112 <title>Audio map example 3</title>
1115 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/audio-map-eg3&scs;"/>
1121 As a final example, the map in <xref linkend="fig-audio-map-eg3"/>
1122 shows the mapping of a 5.1 source into a 5.1 DCP.
1128 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1130 <title>Other controls</title>
1133 The <guilabel>Use this DCP's audio as OV and make VF</guilabel>
1134 checkbox is only applicable if the selected content is an existing
1135 DCP. It allows you to make a VF DCP, using the audio content from the
1136 existing DCP by referencing it (rather than copying). See <xref
1137 linkend="sec-overlay"/>.
1141 <guilabel>Show graphs of audio levels</guilabel> will analyse the
1142 audio of the selected content and plot it on a graph. See <xref
1143 linkend="sec-show-audio"/> for more details.
1147 <guilabel>Audio Gain</guilabel> is used to alter the volume of the
1148 soundtrack. The specified gain (in dB) will be applied to each sound
1149 channel of your content before it is written to the DCP.
1153 If you use a sound processor that DCP-o-matic knows about, it can help
1154 you calculate changes in gain that you should apply. Say, for
1155 example, that you make a test DCP and find that you have to run it at
1156 volume 5 instead of volume 7 to get a good sound level in the screen.
1157 If this is the case, click the <guilabel>Calculate...</guilabel>
1158 button next to the audio gain entry, and the dialogue box in <xref
1159 linkend="fig-calculate-audio-gain"/> will open.
1162 <figure id="fig-calculate-audio-gain">
1163 <title>Calculating audio gain</title>
1166 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/calculate-audio-gain&scs;"/>
1172 For our example, put 5 in the first box and 7 in the second and click
1173 <guilabel>OK</guilabel>. DCP-o-matic will calculate the audio gain
1174 that it should apply to make this happen. Then you can re-make the
1175 DCP (this will be reasonably fast, as the video data will already have
1176 been done) and it should play back at the correct volume with 7 on
1177 your sound-rack fader.
1181 <guilabel>Audio Delay</guilabel> is used to adjust the synchronisation
1182 between audio and video. A positive delay will move the audio later
1183 with respect to the video, and a negative delay will move it earlier.
1190 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1192 <title>Timed text (subtitles and closed captions)</title>
1195 The timed text tab contains settings related to subtitles and closed captions in your
1196 content, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-timed-text-tab"/>.
1199 <figure id="fig-timed-text-tab">
1200 <title>Timed text settings tab</title>
1203 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/timed-text-tab&scs;"/>
1209 Depending on where timed text comes from it can sometimes be used as
1210 either an open subtitle (to be overlaid onto the cinema screen and
1211 seen by everybody) or as a closed caption (to be displayed to
1212 individual viewers using a special system such as the Doremi
1217 DCP-o-matic can either:
1221 <listitem>Extract timed text that is embedded in video files, or</listitem>
1222 <listitem>Use timed text from SubRip (<code>.srt</code>), SubStation
1223 Alpha (<code>.ssa</code> or <code>.ass</code>) or DCP XML files. You may find the
1225 url="http://www.nikse.dk/subtitleedit/">Subtitle Edit</ulink> useful
1226 for creating such files.</listitem>
1230 Embedded timed text is usually represented using a set of bitmaps,
1231 especially on files that have come from DVD or BluRay. Such text can
1232 be used as a subtitle, but not a closed caption (since the closed
1233 captioning system requires the text to be delivered as
1234 character codes rather than as an image).
1237 <para>In contrast, SubRip, SubStation Alpha or DCP text can be used as either a subtitle or a closed caption.</para>
1240 With subtitles you have the further choice of whether to burn the
1241 subtitles into the image or include them as a separate subtitle
1242 ‘asset’ within your DCP (in which case the projector
1243 overlays them onto the image on playback). The difference between
1244 burn-in and overlay is illustrated by <xref linkend="fig-burn-in"/>
1245 and <xref linkend="fig-discrete"/>.
1248 <figure id="fig-burn-in">
1249 <title>Burnt-in subtitles</title>
1252 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/burn-in&dia;"/>
1257 <figure id="fig-discrete">
1258 <title>Separate subtitles</title>
1261 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/discrete&dia;"/>
1267 The advantage of separate subtitles is that the same video content can
1268 be used for DCPs in many different languages. This means that only a
1269 small text file needs to be changed for each target language, rather
1270 than a large video file. It also means that the time-consuming video
1271 encoding need only be done once for the project rather than once for
1276 Select the <guilabel>Use as</guilabel> check-box to enable the timed
1277 text in the selected content, then choose what you want to use the
1278 text for: open subtitles or closed captions.
1282 Select the <guilabel>Burn subtitles into image</guilabel> check-box to
1283 burn subtitles into the image; if this is not ticked the
1284 subtitles will be included separately in the DCP to be rendered by the
1289 The <guilabel>X Offset</guilabel> and <guilabel>Y Offset</guilabel>
1290 controls move subtitles around within the image. These controls have
1291 no effect for closed captions. The offsets are expressed as a
1292 percentage of the video frame size; 100% X offset is the entire width
1293 of the frame, and 100% Y offset is the entire height. Hence, to move
1294 the subtitles down by half the frame height you would use a Y offset
1299 The <guilabel>X Scale</guilabel> and <guilabel>Y Scale</guilabel>
1300 controls scale subtitles. These controls have no effect for closed
1301 captions. Scale values of 1 make the subtitles the same size
1302 (relative to the size of the image) as they are on the original.
1303 Values lower than 1 make them smaller, and values higher make them
1304 larger. You can stretch the subtitles in either direction by
1305 specifying different values for X and Y scale. Subtitles from DVD and
1306 Blu Ray sources are frequently larger (relative to the video frame)
1307 than those typically used for DCP, so it is often useful to scale such
1308 subtitles down using these controls.
1312 The <guilabel>Line spacing</guilabel> control adjusts the line spacing
1313 of the subtitles. This only works for subtitles that did not come from bitmaps.
1317 The <guilabel>Stream</guilabel> control changes the subtitle stream
1318 that is used when the content has more than one.
1322 If you are using non-image (text) subtitles or closed captions you can see the
1323 subtitle text and timings by clicking the <guilabel>View...</guilabel>
1324 button, or specify the fonts that should be used by clicking <guilabel>Fonts...</guilabel>.
1328 With any subtitles you can click <guilabel>Appearance...</guilabel> to
1329 change how the subtitles look. Some of the controls in the
1330 <guilabel>Appearance</guilabel> only apply to burnt-in subtitles, as
1331 only limited control is available for subtitles rendered by the
1338 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1340 <title>Timing</title>
1343 The timing tab contains settings related to the timing of your
1344 content, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-timing-tab-detail"/>.
1347 <figure id="fig-timing-tab-detail">
1348 <title>Timing settings tab</title>
1351 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/timing-tab&scs;"/>
1357 Most of the timing tab's entries are <emphasis>time-codes</emphasis>.
1358 These are expressed as four numbers, as shown in <xref
1359 linkend="fig-timecode"/>.
1362 <figure id="fig-timecode">
1363 <title>Timecode</title>
1366 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/timecode&dia;"/>
1372 <guilabel>Position</guilabel> is the time at which this piece of
1373 content should start within the DCP. In most cases, this will be
1374 <code>0:0:0:0</code> to make the content start at the beginning of the
1379 <guilabel>Full length</guilabel> is the length of the piece of
1380 content. This can only be set for still-image content: for video or
1381 sound content, it is fixed by the nature of the content file. If
1382 still-image content is being used you can set the length for which it
1383 should be displayed using this control.
1387 <guilabel>Trim from start</guilabel> specifies the amount that should
1388 be trimmed from the start of the content. You can set this amount to
1389 trim up to the current preview position by clicking <guilabel>Trim up
1390 to current position</guilabel>.
1394 <guilabel>Trim from end</guilabel> specifies the amount that should be
1395 trimmed from the end of the content. You can set this amount to trim
1396 after the current preview position by clicking <guilabel>Trim after to
1397 current position</guilabel>.
1401 <guilabel>Play length</guilabel> indicates how long this piece of
1402 content will be once the trims have been applied. This will be equal
1403 to the full length minus <guilabel>trim-from-start</guilabel> and minus <guilabel>trim-from-end</guilabel>.
1407 Each timecode control has a <guilabel>Set</guilabel> which you should
1408 click when you have entered a new value for a timecode. The
1409 <guilabel>Set</guilabel> button will make DCP-o-matic take account of
1410 any changes to the corresponding timecode.
1416 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1418 <title>Timeline</title>
1421 The timeline window gives an overview of all the pieces of content
1422 in your film, and how they are arranged. You can open the
1423 timeline by clicking the <guilabel>Timeline...</guilabel> button
1424 next to the content list. This will open a window like the one in <xref linkend="fig-timeline1"/>.
1427 <figure id="fig-timeline1">
1428 <title>Timeline</title>
1431 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/timeline1&scs;"/>
1437 The horizontal axis represents time, and you can see the time codes (in
1438 hours:minutes:seconds) along the bottom of the window. Pieces of
1439 content are represented with rectangles in the main part of the
1440 window. Content containing different types of data (e.g. a MP4
1441 file with video, audio and subtitles) have a rectangle for each
1446 Within the timeline you can select content by clicking, and drag
1447 it to change its position. Right-clicking a piece of content will
1448 open the content menu.
1452 The toolbar at the top of the window offers the following tools:
1456 <listitem>Select — to select and move content.</listitem>
1457 <listitem>Zoom in — to drag out an area that you want to see more closely.</listitem>
1458 <listitem>Zoom out — to zoom out so that the window shows the whole film.</listitem>
1459 <listitem>Snap — when enabled, content will snap to other content when you drag it close.</listitem>
1460 <listitem>Sequence — when enabled, content will be kept in sequence, without gaps, even if some content is removed.</listitem>
1464 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1466 <title>Video processing pipeline</title>
1469 This section gives a little more detail about how DCP-o-matic process
1470 video as it takes it from a source and puts it into a DCP.
1474 Consider, as a rather contrived example, that we have a 720 x 576
1475 image which is letterboxed with 36 black pixels each at the top and
1476 bottom, and the video content within the letterbox should be presented
1477 in the DCP at ratio of 2.39:1 within a 1.85:1 frame (such as might
1478 happen with a trailer). The source image is shown in <xref
1479 linkend="fig-pipeline1"/>.
1482 <figure id="fig-pipeline1">
1483 <title>Example image to demonstrate video processing</title>
1486 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/pipeline1&dia;"/>
1492 DCP-o-matic runs through the following steps when preparing an image for a DCP:
1496 <listitem>Crop</listitem>
1497 <listitem>Scale</listitem>
1498 <listitem>Place in container</listitem>
1502 First, some amount of the image can be cropped. This is almost always
1503 used to remove black borders (letterboxing and/or pillarboxing) around
1508 In our example image, we would use 36 pixels of crop from the top and
1509 bottom. This would give the new image shown in <xref
1510 linkend="fig-pipeline2"/>.
1513 <figure id="fig-pipeline2">
1514 <title>Example image after cropping</title>
1517 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/pipeline2&dia;"/>
1523 The next step is to scale the image. Since this content should be
1524 presented in a 2.39:1 (scope) aspect ratio inside a 1.85:1 (flat) DCP we would select
1525 <guilabel>custom</guilabel> from the <guilabel>Scale</guilabel>
1526 option in the <guilabel>Video</guilabel> tab, then choose a ratio (<guilabel>Set ratio and
1527 fit to DCP container</guilabel>) of 2.39:1.
1530 <para>Next, we would choose
1531 <guilabel>Flat</guilabel> from the <guilabel>Container</guilabel>
1532 option in the <guilabel>DCP</guilabel> tab.
1536 Given the scaling and container information, DCP-o-matic will look at
1537 the DCP's container size, and then scale the source image up until one
1538 or both of its dimensions (width, height or both) fits the size of the
1539 container, all the while preserving the desired aspect ratio.
1543 In our example here, the DCP's container is specified as 1.85:1 (so
1544 that the DCP will play back correctly using the projector's
1545 ‘Flat’ preset). At 2K, 1.85:1 is 1998 pixels by 1080.
1546 Scaling the source up whilst preserving its 1.85:1 aspect ratio will
1547 result in the image hitting the sides of the container first, at a
1548 size of 1998x836. This gives us a new version of the image as shown
1549 in <xref linkend="fig-pipeline3"/>.
1552 <figure id="fig-pipeline3">
1553 <title>Example image after cropping and scaling</title>
1556 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/pipeline3&dia;"/>
1562 The final step is to place the image into the DCP. In this case,
1563 since we have a 2.39:1 image that should be presented as a 1.85:1 DCP,
1564 we have set the <guilabel>container</guilabel> in the
1565 <guilabel>DCP</guilabel> tab to be Scope. Since the content has been
1566 scaled to 1998 x 836, and a Flat container is 1998 x 1080, there will
1567 be some black bars at the top and bottom of the image. DCP-o-matic
1568 shares out this black equally, as shown in <xref
1569 linkend="fig-pipeline3"/>.
1572 <figure id="fig-pipeline4">
1573 <title>Example image in the DCP</title>
1576 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/pipeline4&dia;"/>
1585 <title>Copy and paste settings</title>
1588 Once you have set up a piece of content it is possible to copy the
1589 settings you have applied to another piece of content. To do this,
1590 select the content to copy from and choose <guilabel>Copy</guilabel>
1591 from the <guilabel>Edit</guilabel> menu. Then select the content to
1592 copy to and choose <guilabel>Paste</guilabel>. A dialogue box will
1593 open to allow you to choose which settings you want to copy. Clicking
1594 <guilabel>OK</guilabel> will apply the copied settings.
1601 <title>Advanced content settings</title>
1604 There are a few more content settings that you can change by right-clicking a piece of content in the list and choosing <guilabel>Advanced settings...</guilabel>
1605 This opens the dialogue box shown in <xref linkend="fig-advanced-content"/>.
1608 <figure id="fig-advanced-content">
1609 <title>Advanced content dialogue</title>
1612 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/advanced-content&scs;"/>
1618 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1620 <title>Video filters</title>
1623 The <guilabel>Video filters</guilabel> setting allows you to apply various
1624 filters to the image. These may be useful to try to improve
1625 poor-quality sources like DVDs. You can set up the filters by clicking the
1626 <guilabel>Edit</guilabel> button next to the filters entry; this opens the filters selector
1627 as shown in <xref linkend="fig-filters"/>.
1630 <figure id="fig-filters">
1631 <title>Filters selector</title>
1634 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/filters&scs;"/>
1643 <title>Override frame rate</title>
1646 The <guilabel>Override detected video frame rate</guilabel> setting has some different effects depending on the type of content
1651 For video content, it sets the frame rate that DCP-o-matic will run the video at. This is useful if DCP-o-matic has mis-detected
1652 the video frame rate. For example, if DCP-o-matic says your content is 24fps when you know for a fact it's 25fps, you can set the
1653 override value to 25 to force DCP-o-matic to do the right thing.
1657 On audio, subtitle and caption content this setting behaves slightly differently. It sets the video frame rate that the content
1658 in question was intended to work with. As an example, consider a project with a 23.976fps video source and some separate audio files.
1659 Perhaps those audio files have been mastered alongside a 24fps version of your video. By default, DCP-o-matic will see the 23.976fps
1660 video file and decide to run it slightly fast at 24fps to fit the DCP standard. It will then also run the audio slightly fast so that
1661 it stays in sync with the video.
1665 In this case, though, that is not what you want, since the audio is already ‘fixed’ to work alongside 24fps video. If you
1666 override the video frame rate of the <emphasis>audio</emphasis> content to 24fps this will stop DCP-o-matic altering it.
1670 A similar situation can occur if you have video at one rate and a subtitle file that was prepared with its timing at a different rate.
1671 In that case, you should override the video frame rate of the <emphasis>subtitle</emphasis> content to the one that it was prepared for.
1672 This will mean that DCP-o-matic can get the relative timing right.
1676 Do <emphasis>not</emphasis> use this setting to change the DCP frame rate. Doing so will result in strange effects and sync problems.
1682 <title>Video has burnt-in subtitles</title>
1684 Details about subtitle language are stored in various places within the DCP metadata. If a piece of video content already has subtitles
1685 burnt into the image you can tell DCP-o-matic the language that they are in by clicking the <guilabel>Edit...</guilabel> button.
1691 <title>Ignore this content's video</title>
1693 Tick this if you have some content which includes video along with other things (such as audio or subtitles) and you do
1694 <emphasis>not</emphasis> want the video to appear in the DCP.
1704 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1705 <chapter xml:id="ch-dcp" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
1706 <title>DCP settings</title>
1709 This chapter describes the settings that apply to the whole DCP. The
1710 controls for these settings are in the <guilabel>DCP</guilabel> tab of
1711 the main window, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-dcp-tab"/>.
1714 <figure id="fig-dcp-tab">
1715 <title>DCP settings tab</title>
1718 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/dcp-tab&scs;"/>
1724 The first thing here is the name. This is generally set to the title
1725 of the film that is being encoded. If <guilabel>Use ISDCF
1726 name</guilabel> is not ticked, the name that you specify will be used
1727 as-is for the name of the DCP. If <guilabel>Use ISDCF name</guilabel>
1728 is ticked, the name that you enter will be used as part of a
1729 ISDCF-compliant name.
1733 Underneath the <guilabel>Use ISDCF name</guilabel> checkbox is a preview of the name that the DCP will
1734 get. The ISDCF name will be composed using details
1735 of your content's soundtrack, the current date and other things that
1736 can be specified in the <guilabel>Metadata</guilabel> dialogue box, which you can
1737 open by clicking on the <guilabel>Metadata</guilabel> button.
1741 If you want to take the ISDCF-compliant name that DCP-o-matic
1742 generates and modify it, click <guilabel>Copy as name</guilabel> and
1743 the ISDCF name will be copied into the <guilabel>Name</guilabel> box.
1744 You can then edit it as you wish. The DCP name should not matter (in
1745 that it should not affect how the DCP ingests or plays) but
1746 projectionists will appreciate it if you use the
1747 <ulink url="https://registry-page.isdcf.com/illustratedguide/">standard naming scheme</ulink>
1748 as it makes it easier to identify details of the content.
1752 If there is spoken language in your project's audio you can tick the
1753 <guilabel>Audio Language</guilabel> checkbox and then specify the language
1754 of that audio. This information will be used for the ISDCF name, written into
1755 the DCP cover sheet, and added as metadata to the audio MXF files in the DCP.
1759 The <guilabel>Content Type</guilabel> option can be
1760 ‘feature’, ‘trailer’ or whatever; select the
1761 required type from the drop-down list. On some projection systems
1762 this will affect where your content appears in the projector's server
1763 user interface, so take care to select an appropriate type.
1767 The <guilabel>Encrypted</guilabel> check-box will set whether the DCP
1768 should be encrypted or not. If this is ticked, the DCP will require a
1769 KDM to play back. Encryption is discussed in <xref
1770 linkend="ch-encryption"/>.
1774 If you use encryption DCP-o-matic will generate a random encryption
1775 key for you. To specify your own key, click the
1776 <guilabel>Edit..</guilabel> button next to the key.
1780 The <guilabel>Reels</guilabel> and <guilabel>Reel length</guilabel>
1781 controls specify how the DCP will be split up into
1782 ‘reels’. See <xref linkend="sec-reels"/>.
1786 The <guilabel>Standard</guilabel> option specifies which of the two
1787 DCP standards DCP-o-matic should use. If in doubt, use SMPTE (the
1788 more modern of the two).
1792 The <guilabel>Markers</guilabel> button opens the Markers dialogue,
1793 as shown in <xref linkend="fig-markers"/>.
1796 <figure id="fig-markers">
1797 <title>Markers dialogue</title>
1800 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/markers&scs;"/>
1806 This dialogue allows you to specify times for when certain things happen
1807 within your DCP. These times may be read by projection systems to automate
1808 actions such as setting house light levels.
1812 The <guilabel>Metadata</guilabel> button opens the Metadata dialogue,
1813 which allows you to specify various information about the DCP that you are
1814 making. Some of these data will be included in the DCP's files, and others
1815 used to make up the ISDCF name for the DCP (if that option is being used).
1819 At the bottom of the DCP tab are a further two tabs, one each to
1820 contain the settings for the DCP's video and audio parts.
1824 The <guilabel>Container</guilabel> option sets the ratio of the image
1825 in the DCP. If this ratio is different to the ratio used for any
1826 content, DCP-o-matic will pad the content with black. In simple cases
1827 this should be set to the same ratio as that for the the primary piece
1828 of video content. Alternatively, you might want to pillarbox a small
1829 format into a Flat container: in this case, select the small format
1830 for the content's ratio and ‘Flat’ for the DCP.
1834 The <guilabel>Resolution</guilabel> control allows you to choose the
1835 resolution for your DCP. Use 2K unless you have content that is of
1836 high enough resolution to be worth presenting in 4K.
1840 The <guilabel>Frame Rate</guilabel> control sets the frame rate of
1841 your DCP. This can be a little tricky to get right. Ideally, you
1842 want it to be the same as the video content that you are using. If it
1843 is not the same, DCP-o-matic must resort to some tricks to alter your
1844 content to fit the specified frame rate. Frame rates are discussed in
1845 more detail in <xref linkend="ch-frame-rates"/>.
1849 The <guilabel>3D</guilabel> button will set your DCP to 3D mode if it
1850 is checked. A 3D DCP will then be created, and any 2D content will be
1851 made 3D compatible by repeating the same frame for both left and right
1852 eyes. A 3D DCP can be played back on many 3D systems (e.g. Dolby 3D,
1853 Real-D etc.) but not on a 2D system.
1857 The <guilabel>JPEG2000 bandwidth for newly-encoded data</guilabel>; setting changes how big
1858 the final image files used within the DCP will be. Larger numbers
1859 will give better quality, but correspondingly larger DCPs. The
1860 bandwidth can be between 50 and 250 megabits per second (Mbit/s).
1861 Most commercial DCPs use bit rates between 75 and 125 Mbit/s.
1865 <guilabel>Re-encode JPEG2000 data from input</guilabel> governs
1866 whether or not JPEG2000-encoded data from a piece of content (usually
1867 a DCP) will be re-used in the output data as-is or whether it will be
1868 decoded and re-encoded by DCP-o-matic. If the option is enabled
1869 DCP-o-matic will decompress any JPEG2000 data it finds and re-encode
1870 it. This is useful if you want to reduce the bitrate of a DCP.
1871 Usually you will achieve better quality and quicker results by leaving
1872 this option switched off.
1876 The <guilabel>Channels</guilabel> control sets the number of
1877 audio channels that the DCP will have. If the DCP has any channels
1878 for which there is no content audio they will be replaced by silence.
1879 You can only set an even number of channels here, since that is
1880 required by the DCI standard. If you want an odd number of channels,
1881 set the DCP channel count to one greater than you need and the
1882 unused channel will be filled with silence.
1886 The <guilabel>Processor</guilabel> control allows you to select a
1887 process to apply to the audio before it goes into the DCP. One process is currently provided:
1891 <listitem>Mid-side decoder — this will take a L/R
1892 stereo input and extract the common part (corresponding to the
1893 ‘Mid’ in a mid-side signal) into the DCP's centre channel.
1894 The remaining L/R parts will be kept in the L/R channels of the DCP.
1895 This may be useful to make near-field L/R mixes more compatible with
1896 cinema audio systems.</listitem>
1899 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1900 <section xml:id="sec-reels">
1901 <title>Reels</title>
1904 A ‘reel’ in a DCP is a subsection of the DCP, in the same
1905 way as a 35mm reel is a section of a film. A DCP can be split up into
1906 any number of reels and the joins (the equivalent to 35mm splices or changeovers)
1907 between the reels are seamless.
1911 There is no reason why you can't just use a single reel for the whole
1912 of your DCP, as there is no limit to their length. Many people choose
1917 There are, however, some possible advantages of splitting things up
1923 The picture, sound and subtitle data of the DCP will be
1924 split up into more smaller files on disk, rather than fewer larger
1925 files. This can be useful if the DCP is to be transferred on storage
1926 that has a file size limit. The FAT32 filesystem, for example, can
1927 only hold files smaller than 4Gb. A 6Gb DCP with a single reel could
1928 not be transferred using a FAT32-formatted disk. If that DCP were
1929 split up into two 3Gb reels it could be transferred.
1932 It is easier to re-use DCP components if they are in reels. Consider,
1933 for example, a film company who wants to put a 5 second ident onto the
1934 beginning of DCPs that they distribute. If they receive a feature
1935 film DCP they can modify it to add their ident as a separate reel.
1936 This is easier than attaching the picture data to the feature's existing data.
1941 DCP-o-matic offers three options for setting up the reels in your DCP:
1942 <guilabel>single reel</guilabel>, <guilabel>split by video content</guilabel> or <guilabel>custom</guilabel>.
1946 <guilabel>Single reel</guilabel>, as its name suggests, keeps the whole DCP as one reel.
1947 This is a perfectly good option if you have no particular reason to
1952 <guilabel>Split by video content</guilabel> puts each piece of source
1953 video content in its own reel, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-reels-by-video"/>.
1956 <figure id="fig-reels-by-video">
1957 <title>Making reels using split by video content</title>
1958 <mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/reels-by-video&dia;"/></imageobject></mediaobject>
1962 Here we have three video files (<code>ident.mp4</code>,
1963 <code>feature.ts</code> and <code>cred.mov</code>). With
1964 <guilabel>split by video content</guilabel> DCP-o-matic makes a new
1965 reel to hold each video file.
1969 <guilabel>Custom</guilabel> splits reels by the size of the files that
1970 will make up their video content. With <guilabel>Custom</guilabel>
1971 you must specify a reel length in Gb. Then no file in the DCP will be larger than this reel length.
1977 <!-- ============================================================== -->
1978 <section xml:id="sec-show-audio">
1979 <title>Show audio</title>
1982 The <guilabel>Show Audio</guilabel> button will instruct DCP-o-matic
1983 to examine the audio in your content and plot a graph of its level
1984 over time. This can be useful for getting a rough idea of how loud
1985 the sound will be in the cinema auditorium. A typical plot is shown
1986 in <xref linkend="fig-audio-plot"/>
1989 <figure id="fig-audio-plot">
1990 <title>Audio plot</title>
1993 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/audio-plot&scs;"/>
1999 The plot gives the audio level (vertical axis, in dB) with time
2000 (horizontal axis). 0dB represents full scale, so if there is anything
2001 near this you are in danger of clipping the projector's audio outputs.
2005 There are two plot types: the peak level and the RMS, which can be
2006 shown or hidden using the check-boxes on the right hand side of the
2011 The channel check-boxes will show or hide the plot(s) for
2012 the corresponding channels in the DCP.
2016 The smoothing slider applies a variable degree of temporal smoothing
2017 to the plots, which can make them easier to read in some cases.
2020 <para>Underneath the plot are shown some precise numbers for peaks and other measurements. A peak value displayed in red means that it is greater than -3dB.</para>
2023 The audio plot is no substitute for listening in an
2024 cinema, but it can be useful to get levels in roughly the right area.
2032 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2033 <chapter xml:id="ch-templates" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
2034 <title>Templates</title>
2037 If you frequently make DCPs with similar settings you may find it
2038 useful to use templates.
2042 Say, for example, you often make 4K feature DCPs from video files in
2043 ’scope at 25fps. You can speed up this process by following
2048 <listitem>Create a film with any content and set it up how you like;
2049 in our example, set the content to scale to DCP, the DCP resolution
2050 to 4K, and so on.</listitem>
2051 <listitem>Choose <guilabel>Save as template...</guilabel> from the <guilabel>File</guilabel> menu.</listitem>
2052 <listitem>Enter a name for your template.</listitem>
2056 Then in the future you can create a new film, tick the
2057 <guilabel>Template</guilabel> box and choose your previously-saved
2058 template. The basic film's settings will come from your template, and
2059 when you add some content it will take on the settings of the
2060 first similarly-typed piece of content in your template.
2064 For example, if the template has a piece of video content and some
2065 subtitles, any video that you add to the new film will take on the
2066 settings of the video in the template. Similarly, any subtitles that
2067 you add will take on the settings of the subtitles from the template.
2071 The following settings from the <guilabel>DCP</guilabel> tab are saved
2076 <listitem>“Use ISDCF name” checkbox</listitem>
2077 <listitem>Content type (FTR, TLR etc.)</listitem>
2078 <listitem>Container</listitem>
2079 <listitem>Resolution</listitem>
2080 <listitem>JPEG200 bandwidth</listitem>
2081 <listitem>Video frame rate</listitem>
2082 <listitem>Encrypted checkbox</listitem>
2083 <listitem>Audio channels</listitem>
2084 <listitem>Standard (Interop / SMPTE)</listitem>
2085 <listitem>Audio processor</listitem>
2086 <listitem>Reel type and length</listitem>
2090 In addition, the settings (but not the filenames) of any
2091 content in the template are stored, as discussed above. The status of
2092 the <guilabel>Keep video and subtitles in sequence</guilabel> checkbox
2093 from the timeline is also preserved.
2099 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2100 <chapter xml:id="ch-export" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
2101 <title>Export</title>
2104 As well as creating DCPs from the content you specify, DCP-o-matic
2105 can also export projects to ProRes and MP4 files. This is most
2106 often useful to convert DCPs to a file that is smaller and easier to play back.
2110 To convert a DCP to ProRes or MP4, the first step is start a new
2111 project and import the DCP (see <xref
2112 linkend="ch-manipulating-existing-dcps"/>). Then, choose
2113 <guilabel>Export...</guilabel> from the <guilabel>Jobs</guilabel>
2114 menu to open the export dialogue, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-export"/>.
2117 <figure id="fig-export">
2118 <title>Export dialogue</title>
2121 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/export&scs;"/>
2127 From this dialogue you can select the required output format,
2128 output file and, in the case of MP4, the quality of the output
2129 file (by setting the <ulink url="https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Encode/H.264#crf">CRF value</ulink>).
2133 The useful range of CRF values is from 17 (high quality but large file size) to 28 (smaller file size and still reasonable quality).
2137 The time needed to export, and the resulting size, depend partly on the DCP resolution set in the project. To change that, see <xref linkend="ch-dcp"/>.
2141 You can also choose whether to mix down multichannel sources to stereo and whether you want to write separate reels to separate files.
2145 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2146 <chapter xml:id="ch-encryption" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
2147 <title>Encryption</title>
2150 DCP's do not have to be encrypted, but they can be. This
2151 chapter discusses the basic principles of DCP encryption, and how
2152 DCP-o-matic can create encrypted DCPs and KDMs for them.
2156 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2158 <title>Basics</title>
2161 DCPs can be encrypted. This means that the picture and sound data are
2162 encoded in such a way that only cinemas ‘approved’ by the
2163 DCP's creators can read them. In particular, this means copies of the
2164 DCP can be distributed by insecure means: if a bad person called
2165 Mallory obtains a hard drive containing an encrypted DCP, there is no
2166 way that he can play it. Only those cinemas who receive a correct key
2167 delivery message (KDM) can play the DCP.
2171 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2173 <title>How it works</title>
2176 This section attempts to summarise how DCP encryption works. You can
2177 skip it if you like. You may need some knowledge of encryption
2178 methods to understand it.
2182 We suppose that we are trying to send a DCP to
2183 Alice's cinema without a third party called Mallory being able to
2188 There are two main families of encryption techniques. The first,
2189 symmetric-key encryption, allows us to encode some data using some
2190 numeric key. After encoding, no-one can decode the data unless they
2195 The first step in encrypting a DCP is to encode its data with a random key
2196 using symmetric-key encryption. The encrypted DCP can then be sent
2197 anywhere, safe in the knowledge that even if Mallory got hold of a
2198 copy, he could not decrypt it.
2202 Alice, however, needs to know the key so she can play the DCP in her
2203 cinema. A simple approach might be for us to send Alice the key.
2204 However, if Mallory can intercept the DCP, he might also be able to
2205 intercept our communication of the key to Alice. Furthermore, if Alice
2206 happened to know Mallory, he could just send her a copy of the key.
2210 The clever bit in the process requires the use of public-key
2211 encryption. With this technique we can encrypt a block of data using
2212 some ‘public’ key. That data can then only be decrypted
2213 using a corresponding private key which is
2214 <emphasis>different</emphasis> to the public key. The private and
2215 public keys form a pair which are related mathematically, but it is
2216 extremely hard (or rather, virtually impossible) to derive the private
2217 key from the public key.
2221 Public-key encryption allows us to distribute the DCP's key to Alice
2222 securely. The manufacturer of Alice's projector generates a public
2223 and private key. They hide the private key inside the projector where
2224 no-one can read it. They then make the public key available to anyone
2229 DCP-o-matic has a similar arrangement except that it stores its
2230 private keys in the user's configuration file. See <xref
2231 linkend="sec-decrypting"/> for details of how to share DCP-o-matic's
2232 certificate so that others can make encrypted DCPs for DCP-o-matic.
2236 We take our DCP's symmetric key and encrypt it using the public key of
2237 Alice's projector. We send the result to Alice over email (using a
2238 format called a Key Delivery Message, or KDM). Her projector then
2239 decrypts our message using its private key, giving the
2240 symmetric key which can decrypt the DCP.
2244 If is fine if Mallory intercepts our email to Alice, since the only
2245 key which can decrypt the message is the private key buried inside
2246 Alice's projector. The projector manufacturer is very careful that
2247 no-one ever finds out what this key is. Our DCP is secure: only Alice
2248 can play it back, since only her projector knows the key (even Alice
2256 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2258 <title>Encryption using DCP-o-matic</title>
2261 There are two steps to distributing an encrypted DCP. First, the
2262 DCP's data must be encrypted, and secondly KDMs must be generated for
2263 those cinemas that are allowed to play the DCP.
2267 The first part is simple: ticking the <guilabel>Encrypted</guilabel>
2268 box in the <guilabel>DCP</guilabel> tab will instruct DCP-o-matic to
2269 encrypt the DCP that it makes using a random key that DCP-o-matic
2270 generates. The key will be written to the film's metadata file, which
2271 should be kept secure.
2275 A DCP that is generated with the <guilabel>Encrypted</guilabel> box
2276 ticked will not play on any projector as-is (it will be marked as
2277 ‘locked’, or whatever the projector manufacturer's term
2282 The second stage of distribution is to generate KDMs for the cinemas
2283 that you wish to allow to play your DCP. There are two approaches to
2284 this within DCP-o-matic: using the project, or using a DKDM. These
2285 approaches are now described in turn.
2289 <title>Creating KDMs from a DCP-o-matic project</title>
2292 You can create KDMs from inside a DCP-o-matic project using the
2293 <guilabel>Make KDMs</guilabel> option on the <guilabel>Jobs</guilabel>
2294 menu. This will open the KDM dialogue box, as shown in <xref
2295 linkend="fig-kdm"/>.
2298 <figure id="fig-kdm">
2299 <title>KDM dialog</title>
2302 <imagedata scale="35" fileref="screenshots/kdm&scs;"/>
2308 In order to generate KDMs for a particular projector, you need to know
2309 its <emphasis>certificate</emphasis>. These are usually made
2310 available by the projector manufacturers as text files with a
2311 <code>.pem</code> extension.
2315 DCP-o-matic can store these certificates along with details of their
2316 cinemas and screens within those cinemas. Each screen has a
2317 certificate for its projector (and optionally certificates for other
2318 trusted devices, such as the sound processor). DCP-o-matic can
2319 generate KDMs for any screens that it knows about.
2323 To add a cinema, click <guilabel>Add Cinema...</guilabel>. This opens
2324 a dialogue box into which you can enter the cinema's name, and
2325 optionally an email address. This email address can be used to
2326 get DCP-o-matic to deliver KDMs via email.
2330 Once you have added a cinema, select it by clicking on its name, then
2331 click <guilabel>Add Screen...</guilabel>. The resulting dialogue
2332 allows you to enter a name for the screen and load in its certificate
2333 from a file. The certificate should be in SHA256 PEM format.
2337 Alternatively, certificates for projection systems made by some
2338 manufacturers can be downloaded from databases provided by the
2339 manufacturer. Currently this is supported for Doremi, Dolby, Barco,
2340 Christie and GDC equipment (through downloading Barco, Christie or GDC
2341 certificates requires you to have an appropriate account set up in
2342 DCP-o-matic's preferences). If you are targeting a screen with
2343 equipment by one of these manufacturers you can click
2344 <guilabel>Download</guilabel> then enter the serial number of the
2345 server in the screen and click <guilabel>Download</guilabel> again
2346 and, all being well, the certificate will be fetched. Most cinema
2347 projection or technical departments will know these serial numbers.
2351 Note that the reliability of the manufacturers' certificate databases
2352 cannot be guaranteed. It is vital that KDMs are tested by the
2353 destination cinema will in advance of show time to identify any
2357 <!-- XXX: this is a sudden introduction of CPL as a concept -->
2359 Once you have set up all the screens that you need KDMs for, select
2360 the CPL that you want to create the KDM for. You can use the
2361 drop-down list to select the CPLs in the current film project, or load
2362 a CPL from somewhere else. Select the cinemas and/or screens that you
2363 want KDMs for and fill in the start and end dates and times.
2367 You must also select the type of KDM that you want to generate. If in
2368 doubt, use <guilabel>Modified Transitional 1</guilabel>.
2372 The differences between the three KDM types are fairly subtle.
2373 <guilabel>DCI Specific</guilabel> and <guilabel>DCI Any</guilabel> add
2374 a <code><ContentAuthenticator></code> tag to the KDM which
2375 allows the exhibitor to check that the DCP and KDM have come from a
2376 bona-fide source. In addition, <guilabel>DCI Specific</guilabel> adds
2377 information on trusted devices to the KDM. This allows the KDM
2378 creator to specify devices (such as sound processors) that are allowed
2379 to use keys delivered by the KDM. At present it is not clear how
2380 widely the <guilabel>DCI Specific</guilabel> and <guilabel>DCI
2381 Any</guilabel> features are supported (or even tolerated) by servers
2382 so you are advised to use <guilabel>Modified Transitional
2387 Finally, choose what you want to do with the KDMs. They can be
2388 written to disk, to a location that you can specify by clicking
2389 <guilabel>Browse</guilabel>. Alternatively, if you choose
2390 <guilabel>Send by email</guilabel> the KDMs will be zipped up and
2391 emailed to the appropriate cinema email addresses. Click
2392 <guilabel>Make KDMs</guilabel> to generate the KDMs.
2398 <title>Creating KDMs using a DKDM</title>
2401 It can be inconvenient to need a whole DCP-o-matic project just to
2402 create KDMs for its film. Perhaps you want to archive the project to
2403 save space, or create KDMs on a different machine. In such situations
2404 it is easier to use a DKDM. This is a normal KDM, but instead of
2405 being targeted at a projection system (to allow it to decrypt the
2406 content) it is targeted at a particular user's certificate. This
2407 means that the certificate owner can create new KDMs for other users.
2408 The DKDM holds everything that is required to create further KDMs.
2412 Sometimes it is useful to create DKDMs that can be used by
2413 DCP-o-matic. If you create such a DKDM you can keep it and then, at
2414 any point in the future, use DCP-o-matic's standalone KDM creator to
2415 make KDMs for the DKDM's film for any cinema.
2419 In other cases a DKDM is sent to a third party so that they can create
2420 KDMs for your films. This can be useful if, for example, you have a
2421 distributor who provides 24-hour KDM support to cinemas and can create
2422 KDMs for anybody that requires them at short notice.
2426 To create a DKDM for DCP-o-matic, open your encrypted project and
2427 select <guilabel>Make DKDM for DCP-o-matic...</guilabel> from the
2428 <guilabel>Jobs</guilabel> menu. Select the CPL that you want to make
2429 the DKDM for and click <guilabel>OK</guilabel>. This DKDM will then
2430 be available in the KDM creator. This is a separate program which you
2431 can start from the same place that you start the ‘normal’
2432 DCP-o-matic. Its window is shown in <xref linkend="fig-kdm-creator"/>.
2435 <figure id="fig-kdm-creator">
2436 <title>The KDM creator</title>
2439 <imagedata scale="30" fileref="screenshots/kdm-creator&scs;"/>
2445 To create KDMs, select the cinema(s) and/or screens that you want KDMs
2446 to be created for, the date range, the DCP that the KDMs are for and
2447 the destination for the KDMs and click <guilabel>Create
2452 By default the <guilabel>DKDM</guilabel> list will list any DCPs for
2453 which you have clicked <guilabel>Make DKDM for
2454 DCP-o-matic</guilabel> in the main DCP-o-matic program. If you have
2455 other DKDMs you can add them by clicking <guilabel>Add...</guilabel> and
2456 specifying the file containing the DKDM.
2460 If another organisation wants to send you a DKDM they will ask you for
2461 a target certificate. You can get DCP-o-matic's target certificate by
2462 opening <guilabel>Preferences</guilabel> and clicking <guilabel>Export
2463 DCP decryption certificate...</guilabel> in the <guilabel>Keys</guilabel>
2470 <title>Creating KDMs for a distributor</title>
2473 Sometimes you have an encrypted DCP and you want to allow somebody else
2474 (for example, a distributor) to make KDMs for the DCP on your behalf.
2478 The normal way to do this is to send the distributor a KDM which they
2479 can use with their own KDM creation system. Such a KDM is often called
2480 a DKDM (the ‘D’ stands for <emphasis>Distribution</emphasis>).
2481 It is the same as a normal KDM except that it is made to work with another
2482 computer, rather than with a projection system.
2486 To make a DKDM for a distributor you will first need to ask them to send you
2487 a decryption certificate. This should be a small file, usually with the extension
2492 Once you have the certificate, you will need to add a ‘fake’ cinema
2493 and screen to the list in DCP-o-matic. This is because making a KDM for another
2494 computer uses the same process internally as making one for a projection system,
2495 it's just that DCP-o-matic does not have a nice way to present that.
2499 In either the KDM window in the main DCP-o-matic, or the KDM creator, first add
2500 a new cinema by clicking <guilabel>Add Cinema...</guilabel>, giving it a name
2501 (perhaps the name of the distributor).
2505 Then select this new cinema and click <guilabel>Add Screen...</guilabel> to open
2506 the screen dialog box, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-add-screen"/>.
2509 <figure id="fig-add-screen">
2510 <title>Adding a screen</title>
2513 <imagedata scale="30" fileref="screenshots/add-screen&scs;"/>
2519 Here you can give any name (perhaps just ‘DKDM’). Then click <guilabel>Get from file...</guilabel>
2520 and choose the certificate file that the distributor gave you. Finally, click <guilabel>OK</guilabel>.
2524 Now you can create a KDM for this screen, and send it to the distributor. Using that KDM the distributor
2525 can then make KDMs for your DCP for anybody (and also, of course, decrypt the DCP if they wanted to).
2533 <title>Encryption keys</title>
2536 You should be careful when using encryption not to lose important keys.
2540 If you are making KDMs from a DCP-o-matic film you
2541 <emphasis>must</emphasis> ensure that you have a backup of the
2542 <code>metadata.xml</code> file from the project, as well as the DCP
2547 If you are using a DKDM you <emphasis>must</emphasis> ensure that you
2548 have a backup of DCP-o-matic's <code>config.xml</code> file, since it
2549 contains the only key which can decrypt the DKDM. The
2550 <code>config.xml</code> file location depends on your operating
2551 system; possible locations are listed in <xref linkend="ch-config"/>.
2557 <title>Should I encrypt?</title>
2560 The question of whether encryption is appropriate for a given
2561 project is a tricky one.
2565 On the one hand, if you distribute an unencrypted DCP it is easy for
2566 anybody to take it and do whatever they want with its contents.
2567 They could use DCP-o-matic to convert it to a MP4, show it in
2568 their cinema, or even edit and redistribute it in ways that you
2573 Encryption prevents this, but brings its own problems. It will be
2574 impossible for a cinema to screen your DCP unless they have the
2575 correct KDM. This is easy enough if things work as they should,
2576 but problems can occur. For example, cinemas may substitute
2577 broken playout servers with new ones without telling you: then the
2578 KDM that you sent them will be invalid, and a new one required.
2579 If the cinema can't get in touch with you, or somebody else who
2580 can create a new KDM, they can't screen your DCP. Often these
2581 problems are only discovered very close to showtime, with little
2586 If you are distributing encrypted DCPs widely it is worth thinking
2587 about who will make the KDMs, and who will provide quick-response
2588 technical support. It may be a good idea to engage a company who can
2589 provide such services.
2596 <title>Encryption overview</title>
2598 <figure id="fig-encryption-overview">
2599 <title>Overview of encryption</title>
2602 <imagedata fileref="diagrams/crypt&dia;"/>
2612 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2613 <chapter xml:id="ch-preferences" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
2614 <title>Preferences</title>
2617 DCP-o-matic provides preferences which can be used to modify its
2618 behaviour. They are described in this chapter.
2622 Preferences can be edited by choosing
2623 <guilabel>Preferences...</guilabel> from the <guilabel>Edit</guilabel>
2624 menu. This opens a dialogue which is split into tabs.
2627 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2629 <title>General</title>
2632 The general tab is shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-general"/>.
2635 <figure id="fig-prefs-general">
2636 <title>General preferences</title>
2639 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-general&scs;"/>
2645 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2647 <title>Language</title>
2650 If you tick the <guilabel>Set Language</guilabel> checkbox and choose
2651 a language from the list, that language will be used for DCP-o-matic.
2652 You will need to restart DCP-o-matic to see the new language.
2656 The translations for DCP-o-matic have been contributed by helpful
2657 users. If your language is not on the last, visit <ulink
2658 url="https://dcpomatic.com/i18n.php">the DCP-o-matic website</ulink> to
2659 find out how to contribute a translation.
2664 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2666 <title>Number of threads DCP-o-matic should use</title>
2669 When DCP-o-matic is encoding DCPs it can use multiple parallel threads
2670 to speed things up. Set this value to the number of threads
2671 DCP-o-matic should use. This should normally be the number of
2672 processors (or processor cores) in your machine. DCP-o-matic will try
2673 to set this up correctly when you run it for the first time.
2679 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2681 <title>Number of threads DCP-o-matic encode server should use</title>
2684 This is the number of threads that the encode server should use when
2685 it is running and helping another copy of DCP-o-matic to speed up its
2692 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2694 <title>Configuration file</title>
2697 This is the location of DCP-o-matic's configuration file on disk. You
2698 can use this to share configuration between several copies of
2699 DCP-o-matic: across a network share, for instance.
2703 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2705 <title>Cinema and screen database file</title>
2708 This option allows you to change the file that DCP-o-matic uses to
2709 store details of the cinemas and screens used to make KDMs.
2714 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2716 <title>Play sound via</title>
2719 The checkbox to the left of <guilabel>Play sound</guilabel> enables or
2720 disables DCP-o-matic's use of sound. On some machines there will be
2721 multiple options in the drop-down menu to decide how the sound should
2726 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2728 <title>Integrated loudness</title>
2731 If <guilabel>Find integrated loudness, true peak and loudness range
2732 when analysing audio</guilabel> is ticked, DCP-o-matic will do extra
2733 work when analysing audio. Leave this ticked if the extra parameters
2734 are useful to you. If not, untick it to make audio analysis faster.
2739 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2741 <title>Automatically analyse content audio</title>
2744 If this checkbox is ticked an audio analysis will be run whenever content is added that contains sound.
2748 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2750 <title>Updates</title>
2753 The <guilabel>Check for updates on startup</guilabel> option, if
2754 enabled, will tell DCP-o-matic to check on <ulink
2755 url="https://dcpomatic.com/">dcpomatic.com</ulink> to see if there are any
2756 newer versions of DCP-o-matic then the one you are running. If so, a
2757 dialogue box will open with a link to download the new version.
2761 The <guilabel>Check for testing updates as well as stable
2762 ones</guilabel> option will also check for test updates as well as
2763 those that are formally ‘released’.
2769 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2771 <title>Defaults</title>
2774 The defaults tab is shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-defaults"/>.
2777 <figure id="fig-prefs-defaults">
2778 <title>Defaults preferences</title>
2781 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-defaults&scs;"/>
2787 The options in this tab simply allow you to set up default values for
2788 various properties of new films.
2793 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2795 <title>Servers</title>
2798 The servers tab is shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-servers"/>.
2801 <figure id="fig-prefs-servers">
2802 <title>Servers preferences</title>
2805 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-servers&scs;"/>
2811 If <guilabel>Use all servers</guilabel> is ticked DCP-o-matic will
2812 locate encoding servers automatically (see <xref
2813 linkend="ch-servers"/>).
2817 Instead of this (or in addition) servers can be specified explicitly.
2818 To add a server, click <guilabel>Add...</guilabel> and enter the host
2819 name or IP address of the server to use.
2825 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2826 <section xml:id="sec-prefs-keys">
2830 The Keys tab (shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-keys"/>) has controls
2831 related to the keys and certificates used in some parts of DCP
2835 <figure id="fig-prefs-keys">
2836 <title>Keys preferences</title>
2839 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-keys&scs;"/>
2845 <guilabel>Export KDM decryption certificate...</guilabel> allows you
2846 to save the certificate that DCP-o-matic uses when decrypting KDMs
2847 that you give it. Use this option if somebody wants to make a KDM for
2848 you and asks for your certificate.
2852 <guilabel>Export all KDM decryption settings...</guilabel> exports a
2853 file which contains all the DCP-o-matic settings related to the use of
2854 KDMs supplied by other people. Use this button and <guilabel>Import
2855 all KDM decryption settings...</guilabel> to transfer settings between
2856 different copies of DCP-o-matic so that they can both use the same
2861 The two <guilabel>Advanced...</guilabel> buttons open advanced
2862 dialogue boxes for detailed manipulation of DCP-o-matic's certificate
2869 <title>Advanced keys settings</title>
2872 At the top of the <guilabel>Advanced</guilabel> dialogue for signing
2873 DCPs and KDMs is the chain of certificates that will be used to sign
2874 DCPs and KDMs. DCP-o-matic creates a random chain when you first run
2875 it and if you are happy to use this chain you can ignore the
2876 preferences. Otherwise, you can add or remove certificates from the
2877 chain using the <guilabel>Add...</guilabel> and
2878 <guilabel>Remove</guilabel> buttons.
2882 If you want DCP-o-matic to re-create the certificate chain (using new,
2883 random certificates) click <guilabel>Re-make
2884 certificates and key...</guilabel> and specify your organisation and common
2885 names in the dialogue box that opens.
2889 Underneath the certificate chain is the private key that corresponds
2890 to the leaf certificate in the chain. You can specify your own
2891 private key by clicking <guilabel>Import...</guilabel>. You must do
2892 this if you change the leaf certificate, so that the leaf private key
2893 corresponds to the public key held in the leaf certificate.
2897 At the top of the <guilabel>Advanced</guilabel> dialogue for decrypting DCPs is the chain and key which is used by
2898 DCP-o-matic when you import an encrypted DCP as a piece of content.
2899 The leaf certificate of this chain contains the public key that should
2900 be used when targeting a KDM at DCP-o-matic.
2904 Clicking <guilabel>Export chain...</guilabel> will
2905 export the whole certificate chain.
2910 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2911 <section xml:id="sec-prefs-tms">
2913 <titleabbrev xml:id="sec-prefs-tms-short">TMS preferences</titleabbrev>
2916 The TMS tab (shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-tms"/>) gives some
2917 options for specifying details about your theatre management system
2918 (TMS). If you do this, and your TMS accepts SSH or FTP connections,
2919 you can upload DCPs directly from DCP-o-matic to the TMS using the
2920 <guilabel>Send DCP to TMS</guilabel> option in the
2921 <guilabel>Jobs</guilabel> menu.
2924 <figure id="fig-prefs-tms">
2925 <title>TMS preferences</title>
2928 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-tms&scs;"/>
2934 <guilabel>Protocol</guilabel> should be set to SCP or FTP as
2935 appropriate for your TMS. We know that the Arts Alliance Media (AAM)
2936 and the Doremi ranges uses SCP connections, and that Dolby's TMS uses
2937 FTP. Do let us know if you use any other type of TMS with the
2938 <guilabel>Send DCP to TMS</guilabel> feature.
2942 <guilabel>TMS IP address</guilabel> should be set to the IP address of
2943 your TMS, <guilabel>TMS target path</guilabel> to the place that DCPs
2944 should be uploaded to (which will be relative to the home directory of
2945 the SSH or FTP user). Finally, the user name and password are the
2946 credentials required to log into the TMS via SSH or FTP.
2950 Note that for this to work on Doremi servers you will need to set the
2951 <code>PasswordAuthentication</code> option in your server's
2952 <code>sshd_config</code> to <code>yes</code>.
2958 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2960 <title>Email</title>
2963 The Email tab is shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-email"/>.
2966 <figure id="fig-prefs-email">
2967 <title>Email preferences</title>
2970 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-email&scs;"/>
2976 These settings are used when DCP-o-matic sends emails.
2980 <guilabel>Outgoing mail server</guilabel> should be the host name of a mail (SMTP) server that DCP-o-matic can use. You can also specify the port that DCP-o-matic should use. <guilabel>User name</guilabel> and <guilabel>Password</guilabel> are the credentials that are required to send email through the server you have specified.
2985 <!-- ============================================================== -->
2987 <title>KDM email</title>
2990 The KDM email tab is shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-kdm-email"/>.
2993 <figure id="fig-prefs-kdm-email">
2994 <title>KDM email preferences</title>
2997 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-kdm-email&scs;"/>
3003 This is a template for the email that is used to send KDMs out to
3004 cinemas. You can change it to say whatever you like. A few
3005 ‘magic’ strings will be replaced by information from the
3006 KDM that is being sent; these strings are shown in <xref linkend="tab-kdm-magic"/>.
3009 <table id="tab-kdm-magic">
3010 <title>‘Magic’ KDM strings</title>
3011 <tgroup cols='2' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
3014 <entry><code>$CPL_NAME</code></entry><entry>DCP title</entry>
3017 <entry><code>$CPL_FILENAME</code></entry><entry>Filename of the CPL</entry>
3020 <entry><code>$CINEMA_NAME</code></entry><entry>Cinema name</entry>
3023 <entry><code>$CINEMA_SHORT_NAME</code></entry><entry>First 14 characters of the cinema name</entry>
3026 <entry><code>$SCREENS</code></entry><entry>Name of screen or screens that KDMs are being generated for</entry>
3029 <entry><code>$START_TIME</code></entry><entry>The time from which the KDMs are valid</entry>
3032 <entry><code>$END_TIME</code></entry><entry>The time until which the KDMs are valid</entry>
3039 The <guilabel>Reset to default text</guilabel> will replace the current KDM email with DCP-o-matic's default.
3044 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3046 <title>Notifications</title>
3049 The Notifications tab is shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-notifications"/>.
3052 <figure id="fig-prefs-notifications">
3053 <title>Notifications preferences</title>
3056 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-notifications&scs;"/>
3062 DCP-o-matic can notify the user when jobs have completed. These
3063 notifications can be either or both of a message box on-screen (if
3064 <guilabel>Message box</guilabel> is ticked) and email (if
3065 <guilabel>Email</guilabel> is ticked). If you enable email
3066 notifications you can fill in the details of the emails you want to
3071 The bottom box in the tab is the content of the email that should
3072 be sent. DCP-o-matic will replace the ‘magic’ strings
3073 <code>$JOB_NAME</code> and <code>$JOB_STATUS</code> in the with the
3074 details of the job that has completed.
3080 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3082 <title>Cover sheet</title>
3085 The DCP cover sheet configuration is shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-cover-sheet"/>.
3088 <figure id="fig-prefs-cover-sheet">
3089 <title>DCP cover sheet preferences</title>
3092 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-cover-sheet&scs;"/>
3098 This is a template for the cover sheet that is written next to every DCP that DCP-o-matic creates. You can change it to say whatever you like. A few
3099 ‘magic’ strings will be replaced by information from the
3100 DCP that has been made:
3104 <title>‘Magic’ cover sheet strings</title>
3105 <tgroup cols='2' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
3108 <entry><code>$CPL_NAME</code></entry><entry>DCP title</entry>
3111 <entry><code>$TYPE</code></entry><entry>DCP content type (e.g. feature, trailer...)</entry>
3114 <entry><code>$CONTAINER</code></entry><entry>The container ratio (e.g. flat, scope...)</entry>
3117 <entry><code>$AUDIO</code></entry><entry>Details of the audio channels</entry>
3120 <entry><code>$AUDIO_LANGUAGE</code></entry><entry>Audio language</entry>
3123 <entry><code>$SUBTITLE_LANGUAGE</code></entry><entry>Subtitle language</entry>
3126 <entry><code>$LENGTH</code></entry><entry>DCP length in hours, minutes and seconds</entry>
3129 <entry><code>$SIZE</code></entry><entry>DCP size in gigabytes</entry>
3136 The <guilabel>Reset to default text</guilabel> will replace the current cover sheet with DCP-o-matic's default.
3142 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3143 <section xml:id="sec-prefs-advanced">
3144 <title>Advanced</title>
3145 <titleabbrev xml:id="sec-prefs-advanced-short">Advanced preferences</titleabbrev>
3148 The advanced preferences are shown in <xref linkend="fig-prefs-advanced"/>.
3151 <figure id="fig-prefs-advanced">
3152 <title>Advanced preferences</title>
3155 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/prefs-advanced&scs;"/>
3161 <guilabel>Maximum JPEG2000 bandwidth</guilabel> specifies the maximum
3162 bit-rate of JPEG2000 that DCP-o-matic will allow you to create. You
3163 are advised to leave this at 250Mbit/s in normal use for maximum DCP
3168 <guilabel>Allow any DCP frame rate</guilabel> removes the limits on
3169 the DCP video frame rates that DCP-o-matic will create. This may be
3170 useful for experimentation. Again, you are strongly advised to leave
3171 this unticked for normal use.
3175 <guilabel>Only servers encode</guilabel> makes DCP-o-matic encode
3176 JPEG2000 data only on encoding servers and not on the host. We
3177 suggest you leave this unticked unless you have a good reason to do otherwise.
3181 With the filename format fields you can adjust the filenames that are
3182 used for metadata (CPL and PKL files) and assets (MXF and subtitle
3183 files). Below each field there is a list of the ‘magic’
3184 values that you can use in the format and an example of a filename
3185 that you might see with your current settings.
3189 The checkboxes labelled <guilabel>Log</guilabel> control what
3190 sort of messages DCP-o-matic writes to its log file when creating a
3191 DCP. It is useful to leave <guilabel>General</guilabel>,
3192 <guilabel>Warnings</guilabel> and <guilabel>Errors</guilabel> ticked
3193 as this makes the log files useful for tracking down bugs.
3197 The <guilabel>Timing</guilabel> checkbox will enable extra log entries
3198 to allow developers to investigate and optimise the speed of
3199 DCP-o-matic. It will significantly increase the size of the log files
3200 that are generated, so in normal use it is best to leave this
3207 <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en" xml:id="ch-frame-rates">
3208 <title>Frame rates</title>
3211 In an ideal world, a DCP would be created using content at the same
3212 video frame and audio sampling rates as the DCP. This is not,
3213 however, always possible.
3217 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3219 <title>DCP frame rate limitations</title>
3222 There are some limitations to video and audio frame rates in DCPs. This is
3223 complicated by the fact that not all projectors will play DCPs at the
3224 same frame rates. It is possible to create a DCP which one projector will
3225 play fine, but another (of a different type, or even just with a different software version) will refuse to play.
3229 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3231 <title>Guaranteed rates</title>
3234 The only rates that are guaranteed to work on all DCI projectors are
3235 24 frames per second (fps) for video and 48kHz for audio. If you are
3236 sending DCPs to unknown places it is wise to consider using these
3237 rates if at all possible.
3243 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3245 <title>Other often-supported rates</title>
3247 Many projectors now in the wild support additional video frame rates:
3248 25, 30, 48, 50 and 60 fps.
3253 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3255 <title>Adapting content to fit the DCP rate</title>
3258 DCP-o-matic has a few tricks to allow you to use content that is not
3259 in one of the ‘approved’ rates.
3263 Audio is easy: DCP-o-matic can resample to 48kHz from any source rate
3264 with minimal loss in quality.
3268 Video rate conversion is harder. DCP-o-matic's strategy to deal
3269 with a non-supported content rate is to run it at the wrong speed, and
3270 to adjust the audio to keep it in sync.
3273 <para>Let us consider the example of a 25fps source for which you want
3274 to create a 24fps DCP. DCP-o-matic will put the frames from the
3275 source directly into the DCP without modification, but will tell the
3276 projector to play them back at 24fps. This means that the DCP's video
3277 will run slightly slower than the original.
3281 If DCP-o-matic did nothing else, the result of this would be that the
3282 audio would be running at the original speed with the video running
3283 slowly. Hence the audio would drift slowly out of sync. To avoid
3284 this, DCP-o-matic also resamples the audio such that the projector
3285 will play it too slow by the same amount. Hence it will sound
3286 slightly different but will remain in sync with the video.
3290 For very low or high frame rates, DCP-o-matic can also skip or duplicate frames.
3297 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3299 <title>Setting up</title>
3302 The <guilabel>Frame Rate</guilabel> control in the
3303 <guilabel>DCP</guilabel> tab sets the video frame rate that the DCP
3304 will use. Clicking <guilabel>Use best</guilabel> sets the rate to
3305 what DCP-o-matic thinks is the best for your content. With this
3306 button, DCP-o-matic assumes that the most commonly-working frame rates (24,
3307 25 and 30fps) are allowed.
3311 After this, the <guilabel>Video</guilabel> tab for each piece of
3312 content will give a summary of what DCP-o-matic is doing with that
3317 You can experiment with other non-standard frame rates
3318 by ticking the <guilabel>Allow any DCP frame rate</guilabel> in
3319 the <guilabel>Advanced</guilabel> tab of the preferences dialogue (see the
3320 <xref linkend="sec-prefs-advanced" endterm="sec-prefs-advanced-short"/>). You are strongly advised to
3321 use this only on your own equipment, and only for experimentation
3330 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3331 <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en" xml:id="ch-servers">
3332 <title>Encoding servers</title>
3335 One way to increase the speed of DCP encoding is to use more
3336 than one machine at the same time. An instance of DCP-o-matic can
3337 offload some of the time-consuming JPEG2000 encoding to any number of
3338 other machines on a network. To do this, one ‘master’
3339 machine runs DCP-o-matic, and the ‘server’ machines run
3340 a small program called <code>dcpomatic_server</code>.
3344 The master and server machines do not need to be running the same operating system, so you
3345 can mix Windows PCs, Macs and Linux machines as you wish.
3349 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3351 <title>Running the servers</title>
3354 There are two options for the encoding server:
3355 <code>dcpomatic_server_cli</code>, which runs on the command line, and
3356 <code>dcpomatic_server</code>, which has a simple GUI. The command line
3357 version is well-suited to headless servers, especially on Linux, and
3358 the GUI version works best on Windows and macOS where it will put an icon in the
3363 To run the command line version, simply enter:
3367 dcpomatic2_server_cli
3371 at a command prompt. If you are running the program on a machine with
3372 a multi-core processor, you can run multiple parallel encoding threads
3373 by doing something like:
3377 dcpomatic2_server_cli -t 4
3381 to run 4 threads in parallel.
3385 To run the GUI version on windows, run the ‘DCP-o-matic encode
3386 server’ from the start menu. An icon will appear in the system
3387 tray; right-click it to open a menu from whence you can quit the
3388 server or open a window to show its status.
3391 <para>If you would rather not bother installing DCP-o-matic on your
3392 server computers, the other option is to use the live-CD
3393 image that you can download from the <ulink
3394 url="https://dcpomatic.com/">DCP-o-matic web site.</ulink></para>
3396 <para>Either burn the image to CD, or write it to a USB stick (using
3397 something like <ulink
3398 url="http://unetbootin.sourceforge.net/">unetbootin</ulink>). Boot a
3399 PC from the CD or USB stick and it becomes a DCP-o-matic server
3400 without touching your standard operating system install.
3405 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3407 <title>Setting up DCP-o-matic</title>
3410 DCP-o-matic periodically looks on the local network for servers. Any
3411 that it finds are given work to do during encodes. Selecting
3412 <guilabel>Encoding Servers</guilabel> from the
3413 <guilabel>Tools</guilabel> menu brings up a window which shows that
3414 servers that DCP-o-matic has found.
3419 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3421 <title>Some notes about encode servers</title>
3424 DCP-o-matic does not mind if servers come and go; if a server
3425 disappears, DCP-o-matic will stop sending work to it, and will check
3426 it every minute or so in case it has come back online.
3430 You will probably find that using a 1Gb/s or faster network will
3431 provide a significant speed-up compared to a 100Mb/s network.
3438 <chapter xml:id="ch-files" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
3439 <title>Generated files</title>
3442 DCP-o-matic generates a number of files as it makes a DCP. <xref
3443 linkend="fig-file-structure"/> shows the files that might be generated
3444 after you have created a DCP for a film called ‘DCP Test’.
3447 <figure id="fig-file-structure">
3448 <title>Creating a new film</title>
3451 <imagedata scale="100" fileref="diagrams/file-structure&dia;"/>
3457 The <code>DCP Test</code> folder is the one that you specify when you
3458 select the <guilabel>New Film</guilabel> option from DCP-o-matic's
3459 menu. Everything is stored inside this folder.
3463 DCP-o-matic generates some working files as it goes along. These are as follows:
3466 <listitem><code>log</code> is a list of notes that DCP-o-matic makes as it goes
3467 along. This can be useful for debugging purposes if something goes
3470 <listitem><code>metadata</code> stores the settings that you have made
3471 for this film: things like cropping, output format and so on.</listitem>
3473 <listitem><code>video</code> is where DCP-o-matic writes the DCP's
3474 video data as it encodes it.</listitem>
3476 <listitem><code>analysis</code> is used to keep the results of audio analysis runs.</listitem>
3478 <listitem><code>info</code> contains details of each video frame that
3479 DCP-o-matic has written so far. This is used when an encoding
3480 operation is interrupted and DCP-o-matic must resume it.</listitem>
3485 Following this is the DCP itself:
3486 <code>DCP-TEST_EN-XX_UK-U_51_2K_CSY_20130218_CSY_OV</code>. This
3487 contains some small XML files, which describe the DCP, and two large
3488 MXF files, which contain the DCP's audio and video data. It may also
3489 contain subtitles or closed captions in either XML or MXF format. This folder
3490 (<code>DCP-TEST_EN-XX_...</code>) is what you should ingest, or pass
3491 to the cinema which is showing your DCP.
3498 <title>Command-line tools</title>
3501 DCP-o-matic includes some tools which allow DCP creation from the
3502 command line or from scripting languages. This chapter covers the
3507 There are three command-line tools in DCP-o-matic.
3508 <code>dcpomatic2_create</code> creates film directories, with the
3509 associated metadata, from a list of content files. Then
3510 <code>dcpomatic2_cli</code> runs the transcode process on these
3511 film directories. Finally, <code>dcpomatic2_kdm_cli</code> can be
3512 used to create KDMs.
3516 Some applications will benefit from setting up the films using the
3517 main DCP-o-matic GUI and then using <code>dcpomatic2_cli</code> to
3518 do the encode. This allows, for example, setup on a relatively
3519 low-powered machine before running the encode on a higher-powered
3524 <title><code>dcpomatic2_create</code></title>
3527 The syntax for <code>dcpomatic2_create</code> is:
3531 <code>dcpomatic2_create [OPTION] <CONTENT> [[OPTION] <CONTENT> ...]</code>
3535 <code>[CONTENT]</code> are the files or folders that you want to use in the
3538 <listitem>‘Movie’ files in almost any common format (e.g. MP4, MOV, MKV, etc.)</listitem>
3539 <listitem>A folder containing and image sequence in almost any common format (e.g. TIFF, DPX etc.)</listitem>
3540 <listitem>Sound files (e.g. WAV, MP3, AIFF)</listitem>
3541 <listitem>Subtitles files (e.g. <code>.srt</code>, DCP XML, <code>.ssa</code> etc.)</listitem>
3549 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="dcpomatic_create.xml"/>
3552 For example, to setup a film using a MP4 file you might do:
3556 <code>dcpomatic2_create -o my_film --container-ratio 185 --content-ratio 185 -c FTR -n "My Film" Stuff.mp4</code>
3560 This will create a folder called <code>my_film</code> which is ready for a DCP to be made by <code>dcpomatic2_cli</code>.
3564 <code>dcpomatic2_create</code> will use any default settings that you have configured in the main DCP-o-matic preferences.
3569 <title><code>dcpomatic2_cli</code></title>
3572 The syntax for <code>dcpomatic2_cli</code> is:
3576 <code>dcpomatic2_cli [OPTION] [FILM]</code>
3579 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="dcpomatic_cli.xml"/>
3582 For example, to encode a film called <code>my_film</code> you might do:
3586 <code>dcpomatic2_cli my_film</code>
3591 <title><code>dcpomatic2_kdm_cli</code></title>
3594 The syntax for <code>dcpomatic2_kdm_cli</code> is:
3598 <code>dcpomatic2_kdm_cli [OPTION] <FILM|CPL-ID></code>
3601 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="dcpomatic_kdm_cli.xml"/>
3608 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3610 <title>Loose ends</title>
3613 This chapter collects a few notes on bits of DCP-o-matic that do not fit elsewhere in the manual.
3617 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3619 <title>Resuming encodes</title>
3622 If you cancel a DCP encoding run half-way through, or your computer
3623 crashes... fear not. DCP-o-matic takes care to ensure that, in most
3624 cases, it can resume encoding from where it left off. When you
3625 re-start a DCP creation, using the same settings are a previous run,
3626 DCP-o-matic will first check that the existing picture frames are
3627 correct, and then resume from where it left off. The checking of
3628 existing frames does take some time, but it is much faster than
3629 running a full re-encode.
3633 This resumption is achieved by writing a digest (hash) to disk for
3634 every image frame that is written. On resumption, the existing MXF
3635 file for image data is read and its contents checked against the
3643 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3644 <chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
3645 <title>Common tasks</title>
3648 This chapter describes how to carry out some commonly-required tasks
3649 with DCP-o-matic. The full details are elsewhere in the manual: here
3650 we just discuss different approaches to these tasks and how to carry
3655 <title>Adding subtitles to an existing DCP</title>
3658 You have three options:
3662 <listitem>Make a “Version File” (VF) DCP.</listitem>
3663 <listitem>Make a complete DCP with projector-added subtitles.</listitem>
3664 <listitem>Make a complete DCP with burnt-in subtitles.</listitem>
3668 Making a VF DCP is usually the best option. This will be a very small
3669 DCP which contains only the subtitles: it refers to your existing DCP
3670 for the picture and sound. The projectionist will ingest both the
3671 existing and VF DCPs and play back the VF. The advantages of this
3672 approach are that the VF is very quick to generate, and small in size,
3673 making it easy to distribute. This is especially useful if you have
3674 to make VF DCPs in many different languages.
3678 Making a complete DCP with projector-added subtitles gives you a new,
3679 single DCP which the projectionist can ingest and play. It will be
3680 the same size as your existing DCP, and fairly quick to create. This
3681 approach relies on the projector (or server) to create the subtitles
3682 and overlay them on the image, which mostly works well but is not
3683 100% reliable.
3687 Making a complete DCP with burnt-in subtitles gives you a new, single DCP
3688 but with the subtitles rendered by DCP-o-matic and copied into your
3689 image. This is slower to create than a DCP with projector-added
3690 subtitles as every video frame with a subtitle must be re-encoded.
3691 The advantage of this approach is that it is less likely to go wrong,
3692 especially if you are using unusual subtitle positioning or character
3697 <title>Making a VF DCP</title>
3700 <listitem>Start a new DCP-o-matic film.</listitem>
3701 <listitem>Click <guilabel>Add DCP...</guilabel> and specify your existing DCP's folder.</listitem>
3702 <listitem>Go to the <guilabel>DCP</guilabel> tab and choose <guilabel>Split by video content</guilabel> for <guilabel>Reel type</guilabel>.</listitem>
3703 <listitem>Go to the <guilabel>Video</guilabel> tab and tick the <guilabel>Use this DCP's video as OV and make VF</guilabel> checkbox.</listitem>
3704 <listitem>Go to the <guilabel>Audio</guilabel> tab and tick the <guilabel>Use this DCP's audio as OV and make VF</guilabel> checkbox.</listitem>
3705 <listitem>Add your subtitles to the film in whatever format you have.</listitem>
3706 <listitem>Check the subtitle appearance in the preview; it will be
3707 slow to respond as it is having to decompress images from the existing
3709 <listitem>Choose <guilabel>Make DCP</guilabel> from the menu.</listitem>
3715 <title>Making a complete DCP with projector-added subtitles</title>
3718 <listitem>Start a new DCP-o-matic film.</listitem>
3719 <listitem>Click <guilabel>Add DCP...</guilabel> and specify your existing DCP's folder.</listitem>
3720 <listitem>Add your subtitles to the film in whatever format you have.</listitem>
3721 <listitem>Check the subtitle appearance in the preview; it will be
3722 slow to respond as it is having to decompress images from the existing
3723 DCP. Adjust the appearance using controls in the
3724 <guilabel>Timed Text</guilabel> or <guilabel>Closed Captions</guilabel> tabs if required.</listitem>
3725 <listitem>Choose <guilabel>Make DCP</guilabel> from the menu.</listitem>
3731 <title>Making a complete DCP with burnt-in subtitles</title>
3734 <listitem>Start a new DCP-o-matic film.</listitem>
3735 <listitem>Click <guilabel>Add DCP...</guilabel> and specify your existing DCP's folder.</listitem>
3736 <listitem>Add your subtitles to the film in whatever format you have.</listitem>
3737 <listitem>Go to the <guilabel>Subtitle</guilabel> tab and tick the <guilabel>Burn subtitles into image</guilabel> checkbox.</listitem>
3738 <listitem>Check the subtitle appearance in the preview; it will be
3739 slow to respond as it is having to decompress images from the existing
3740 DCP. Adjust the appearance using controls in the
3741 <guilabel>Timed Text</guilabel> or <guilabel>Closed Captions</guilabel> tabs if required.</listitem>
3742 <listitem>Choose <guilabel>Make DCP</guilabel> from the menu.</listitem>
3749 <title>Adding soundtracks or subtitles in different languages</title>
3752 If you have a film that is to be dubbed or subtitled in several
3753 languages, the best approach with DCP-o-matic is as follows:
3757 <listitem>Make a DCP with the common elements (perhaps just the video, or maybe the video and sound); this is known as the Original Version (OV).</listitem>
3758 <listitem>For each language, make a new Version File (VF) DCP which refers to the OV.</listitem>
3762 Once you have done this, you send the OV DCP to every cinema and then
3763 the appropriate VF to each cinema depending on what language they want
3764 to play the film in. The projectionist ingests both DCPs and then plays the VF.
3768 The advantage of this approach is that the VF DCPs are much smaller
3769 than the OV since they only have the language-specific parts. If you
3770 are just changing the subtitles you can often ship the OV by normal
3771 transport means (e.g. a hard drive or high-speed download) and send
3776 The full details of OV and VF files are discussed in <xref linkend="sec-overlay"/>. The steps can be summarised as follows:
3780 <listitem>Create a new DCP-o-matic project for the OV, as normal, adding video and perhaps sound. Make the DCP.</listitem>
3781 <listitem>Create a new DCP-o-matic project for the VF.</listitem>
3782 <listitem>Use <guilabel>Add folder...</guilabel> to add your OV DCP to the project.</listitem>
3783 <listitem>Select the video tab and tick <guilabel>Use this DCP's video as OV and make VF</guilabel> (you may need to select <guilabel>By video content</guilabel> for <guilabel>Reel type</guilabel> in the <guilabel>DCP</guilabel> tab).</listitem>
3784 <listitem>Do the same in the <guilabel>Audio</guilabel> tab if your OV has audio.</listitem>
3785 <listitem>Add your language-specific audio and/or subtitles and Make DCP.</listitem>
3792 <chapter xml:id="ch-player" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
3793 <title>Playing DCPs</title>
3795 <para>DCP-o-matic includes a DCP player, and although it requires a
3796 very high-speed CPU to play DCPs in full resolution, it can also
3797 play DCPs at reduced resolutions with slower CPUs.</para>
3799 <para>To use the player, start <guilabel>DCP-o-matic
3800 Player</guilabel>, and load a DCP using the
3801 <guilabel>Open</guilabel> option on the <guilabel>File</guilabel>
3804 <para>If you load a VF and/or encrypted DCP you can add your OV
3805 and/or KDM using the appropriate options on the
3806 <guilabel>File</guilabel> menu.</para>
3808 <para>During playback the <guilabel>Performance</guilabel> area at
3809 the bottom right of the window will give details of how many frames
3810 are being dropped; these are frames that were not decoded from the
3811 DCP quickly enough. If this number is high you can increase
3812 performance at the cost of rendering quality by choosing an option
3813 from the <guilabel>View</guilabel> menu. If you set the player to
3814 decode at less than full resolution the DCP's data will be decoded
3815 at this lower resolution, which is quicker than decoding at full
3819 <para>Another way to improve performance is to set the <guilabel>Video display mode</guilabel>
3820 in <guilabel>Preferences</guilabel> to <guilabel>OpenGL (faster)</guilabel>. This should provide
3821 a significant speed-up on most systems, although this mode has not been so widely tested so may
3828 <chapter xml:id="ch-verifier" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
3829 <title>Verifying DCPs</title>
3832 The DCP-o-matic Player (see <xref linkend="ch-player"/>) also offers a DCP verifier. To check a DCP,
3833 open it and then select <guilabel>Verify DCP</guilabel> from the
3834 <guilabel>Tools</guilabel> menu.
3838 The verifier will report three kinds of problems:
3842 <listitem><emphasis>Errors</emphasis> — serious problems with the DCP that are likely to cause problems on playback.</listitem>
3843 <listitem><emphasis>Bv2.1 errors</emphasis> — errors described by the <ulink url="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=9161348">SMPTE Bv2.1 standard</ulink>.</listitem>
3844 <listitem><emphasis>Warnings</emphasis> — small problems that may not matter.</listitem>
3848 The following sections list what the verifier checks for in each category.
3852 <title>Errors</title>
3853 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="verify_errors.xml"/>
3857 <title>Bv2.1 errors</title>
3858 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="verify_bv21_errors.xml"/>
3862 <title>Warnings</title>
3863 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="verify_warnings.xml"/>
3869 <!-- ============================================================== -->
3870 <chapter xml:id="ch-writer">
3871 <title>Writing DCPs to disks</title>
3874 Once you have your DCP, you need to get it to the cinema or theater who
3875 will play it. Sometimes this is possible via the internet, using a
3876 service such as Filemail. If that's an option: go for it! Network
3877 transfers avoid a lot of the difficulties that other methods have.
3881 However, your DCP may be too large to make that practical. In that case,
3882 the usual approach is to copy the DCP onto a USB hard drive or stick and
3883 physically take it or send it to the cinema.
3887 <title>Hard drive formatting</title>
3890 In theory, this should be as simple as dragging and dropping the DCP's
3891 files onto a USB-connected drive. Sadly, though, things are not always
3892 that simple. This is because not all hard drives are formatted in the
3893 same way. The most common formats for hard drives are:
3897 <listitem>APFS — used by macOS 10.13 and later for solid state drives (SSDs).</listitem>
3898 <listitem>HFS+ (Mac OS Extended) — used by macOS on 10.12 and earlier, and on all macOS systems for spinning disks.</listitem>
3899 <listitem>NTFS — modern format used by Windows.</listitem>
3900 <listitem>ExFAT — another modern, but less common (and buggier) format used by Windows.</listitem>
3901 <listitem>FAT32 — old format used by Windows.</listitem>
3902 <listitem>ext2, ext3, ext4 — often used by Linux.</listitem>
3906 You can format a drive however you want, but a drive set up on macOS will usually use APFS, just as one set up on Windows will probably use NTFS or ExFAT.
3910 The problem you have as a DCP maker is: the only format that is
3911 guaranteed to work in all cinemas is ext2. This format is not easy to
3912 use directly from Windows or macOS: both operating systems need extra
3913 software to write ext2 drives.
3917 The “DCP-o-matic Disk Writer” provides a possible
3918 solution to this problem. It allows you to format and copy DCPs onto ext2-formatted disks from Windows, macOS or Linux.
3925 <title>Caution</title>
3928 DCP-o-matic is made by one developer in his spare time. As a project,
3929 we do not have any quality assurance department, testing team or
3930 anything like that. Though we try our best to ensure quality using
3931 automated testing, and by the great efforts of our users to find and report problems,
3932 bugs do get into the code and things do go wrong.
3936 Though very undesirable, bugs in most parts of DCP-o-matic are usually
3937 not disastrous; they most often result in an error message, or some
3938 problem with a DCP. The Disk Writer tool, however, is a bit different. It obtains
3939 permission from your operating system to write directly to disks connected to the
3940 computer. Though we have done as much as we can to prevent problems, there is a chance
3941 that a bug in the Disk Writer could cause irretrievable data loss (for example, if
3942 the writer wrote to the wrong drive by mistake).
3946 No such problems have been reported, nor found by us during testing, but I would
3947 like to warn you that they are possible. As always, make sure that you have backups
3948 (somewhere that is not directly connected to your computer) of anything that you do not want
3956 <title>Writing a DCP to a disk</title>
3959 Starting up the Disk Writer will give open a confirmation window to make sure that you understand the risks involved, as shown in <xref linkend="fig-disk-writer-notice"/>.
3962 <figure id="fig-disk-writer-notice">
3963 <title>Starting the Disk Writer</title>
3966 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/disk-writer-notice&scs;"/>
3972 If you are sure you want to continue, type <code>I am sure</code> into the text box and click <guilabel>OK</guilabel>. This will open the window shown in <xref linkend="fig-disk-writer"/>.
3975 <figure id="fig-disk-writer">
3976 <title>The Disk Writer</title>
3979 <imagedata fileref="screenshots/disk-writer&scs;"/>
3984 <para>Next, click <guilabel>Open...</guilabel> and choose the DCP that you want to write.</para>
3987 Now we need to choose the drive that the DCP will be written to from the drop-down menu.
3988 <emphasis>Whichever drive you choose will be irretrievably wiped!</emphasis>
3989 If the drive you want is not listed, click <guilabel>Refresh</guilabel> to search the system for drives.
3993 Finally, click <guilabel>Copy DCP</guilabel>. After a confirmation window, the drive will be formatted,
3994 and the DCP copied and then read back to check that it was written correctly.
4002 <!-- ============================================================== -->
4004 <title>Keyboard shortcuts</title>
4005 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="shortcuts.xml"/>
4009 <!-- ============================================================== -->
4010 <chapter xml:id="ch-config" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" version="5.0" xml:lang="en">
4011 <title>Configuration files</title>
4013 <para>Most of DCP-o-matic's configuration is stored in an XML file called <code>config.xml</code>. This is stored in different places depending on your operating system:</para>
4016 <listitem>Windows: <code>c:\Users\your_user_name\AppData\Local\dcpomatic</code></listitem>
4017 <listitem>OS X: <code>/Users/your_user_Name/Library/Preferences/com.dcpomatic/2</code></listitem>
4018 <listitem>Linux: <code>~/.config/dcpomatic2</code></listitem>
4021 <para>Possible XML tags are as follows:</para>
4023 <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="config.xml"/>
4029 <!-- LocalWords: dbcent DCP matic Hetherington DCPs KDMs GPL XP sid
4031 <!-- LocalWords: matic's jessie Tahr Xenial Xerus Centos Mageia GTK
4033 <!-- LocalWords: Karner FFmpeg libsndfile libsamplerate OpenSSL waf
4035 <!-- LocalWords: libopenjpeg libssh wxWidgets libxml xmlsec libzip
4037 <!-- LocalWords: asdcplib libdcp libsub libcxml sstream sudo Sintel
4039 <!-- LocalWords: dcpomatic TMS SCP timecode DCP's unencrypted OV Gb
4041 <!-- LocalWords: Decrypting KDM decrypt decrypted MOV VOB WAV AIFF
4043 <!-- LocalWords: PNG srt ssa xml wav Lfe XYZ colourspace sRGB RGB
4045 <!-- LocalWords: colourspaces pdf fader CP Doremi CaptiView SubRip
4047 <!-- LocalWords: SubStation BluRay
projects / dcpomatic.git / blob